Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Hernan Cortez

A

Defeated Aztecs

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2
Q

Moctezuma

A

Aztec chief

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3
Q

Civil war

A

War between 2 groups in the same nation

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4
Q

Viceroys

A

Representative of a king in a colony

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5
Q

Peninsulares

A

Spanish-born people who lived in the colonies

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6
Q

Creoles

A

American born descendants who lived in a colony

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7
Q

Privateers

A

State sponsored pirates

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8
Q

Triangular trade

A

Economic system that linked Africa, Europe, and America

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9
Q

Middle passage

A

Slave journey between Africa and Americas

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10
Q

Olaudah equiano

A

Slave, freed and wrote autobiography

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11
Q

Mutiny

A

Rebellion on a slave ship

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12
Q

Inflation

A

A rise in prices

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13
Q

Capitalism

A

Investment of money to make a profit

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14
Q

Entrepreneur

A

Person who takes a financial risk to make a profit

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15
Q

Mercantilism

A

Economic policy designed to strengthen a nation’s economy

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16
Q

How did the tiano Indians treat the Spanish

A

At first, very generous

17
Q

What was the attitude of the Spanish towards the Aztec religion

A

Disliked it, tried to convert them to Christianity

18
Q

What was the most important accomplishment of Francisco Pizarro

A

Defeated the inca

19
Q

How did the American Indians resist the Spanish conquest of South America

A

Wars with Europeans, kept their language and culture

20
Q

What were the reasons for the Spanish colonization of the Americas

A

Spread faith, get rich, get land

21
Q

What was the encomienda system

A

Allowed Spanish go demand labor from the Indians

22
Q

What were mulattoes and mestizos

A

Mestizos: mixed race of Indians and whites
Mulattoes: mixed race of Africans and white

23
Q

What was the economy of New France based upon

24
Q

What was the purpose of the mayflower compact

A

Set guidelines for governing

25
Describe the type of government in the English colonies in North America
Colonial legislatures and royal governors
26
What were the results of the French and Indian war
British dominated North America
27
What do the cities of Bristol, England, nantes, France, and Newport RI have in common
All grew prosperous due to triangular trade
28
What was a floating coffin
A slave ship
29
Describe the hardships slaves faced in the middle passage
Disease, filth, whippings
30
What were the effects of the African slave trade
It helped colonies' economies and kept wages low
31
What is the importance of the Colombian exchange
Flow around the world of plants, animals, and people
32
Why did the global population rise greatly during this period
Better diet through new crops
33
Describe the importance colonies played in the mercantile system
Provides natural resources and markets, built up gold and silver supply for the mother country
34
How did Herman Cortez conquer the Aztec empire
By using Indian allies and by being ruthless
35
Why did the population of New France grow slowly
Because it was based on fur trading and Catholics were the only ones who could settle there
36
Why did Europe suffer from widespread inflation in the 1500s
Because of the gold and silver coming from the Americas
37
Why did mercantilist policy seek to protect local industries from foreign competition
Implemented tariffs, sought to strengthen their economy
38
What export turned around the Jamestown colony
Tobacco exports
39
Immunity
Resistance to disease