Chapter 1 Flashcards
Perspective
Helps artists create realistic drawings
Patron
A financial supporter of the arts
Leonardo daVinci
Painted the Mona Lisa and last supper
Petrarch
Assembled a library of Ancient Greek and roman books
Erasmus
Priest who helped spread Renaissance ideas
Vernacular
Everyday language of ordinary people
Thomas Moore
Social reformer who wrote Utopia
Johann Gutenberg
Inventor of the printing press
Albrecht durer
Artist who was strongly influenced by the Italian Renaissance
Theocracy
Government run by religious leaders
Predestination
Idea that God has already determined who gets salvation
Indulgence
Seen as a way to buy entry into heaven
Ghetto
Separate part of a city reserved for Jews
Sect
A religious group that has broken away from the established church
Elizabeth I
Forged compromise on matters on faith
Scientific method
A step by step process of discovering scientific facts
Nicolaus copernicus
Heliocentric theory advocate
Hypothesis
A scientists explanation for why some things happen
Gravity
A force that keeps planets in their orbit around the sun
Galileo
He was forced to say that the earth was the center of the universe
Niccolo Machiavelli
Wrote the prince-advised rulers to be ruthless
How did Italy’s location make it the starting point of the renaissance
It’s location allowed trade with the Mediterranean world
How was renaissance are different from the art of the middle ages
It’s stress realism, was sometimes nonreligious
What are the main ideas expressed in Machiavelli’s The Prince
A ruler should be ruthless to maintain power
What was the importance of the invention of the printing press
People could be exposed to new ideas
What were Rubens, Van Eyck, and Bruegel known for
They were Northern Renaissance painters
What were Rabelais, Shakespeare, and Cervantes known for?
They were playwrights
What were the main factors that led to the Protestant reformation
Anger at indulgences, worldliness at the Catholic Church
What were Martin Lutheran primary religious beliefs
Salvation was achieved by faith alone
What did Anabaptists believe
Separation of church and state, toleration, adult baptism
What was the purpose of the Council of Trent
To reform the Catholic Church and to roll back the Protestant Reformation
Florence
Birthplace of the Italian Renaissance
What were the goals of the catholic reformation
To reform the Catholic Church
Why was copernicus’ theory considered revolutionary
The contradicted the teachings of the Catholic Church
Why did scientist begin to repeat their experiment
To refine and improve their hypotheses
What were the main contributions of Isaac Newton to science
He Explained gravity and movements of the planets
How did Renaissance artists reflect the ideas of humanism in their art
They painted well-known people of the day
What was the importance of the peace of Augsburg
German princes could decide to religion for their land
What were the important beliefs of Rene Descartes
He emphasized reason in philosophy
How did humanist scholars differ from medieval thinkers
They focused on worldly subjects
What does it mean to be canonized
Process to make someone a Saint
