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World Geography > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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0
Q

What is a group that shares a geographic region, a sense of identity, and a culture?

A

Society

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1
Q

What is the total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by the members of a specific group of peoples?

A

Culture

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2
Q

What is a specific group that shares a language, customs, and a common heritage

A

Ethnic group

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3
Q

What is it called to take existing resources and technology and create something new?

A

Innovation

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4
Q

What is the spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior?

A

Diffusion

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5
Q

What is a site of innovation from which basic ideas, materials, and technology diffuse to many cultures?

A

Cultural hearth

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6
Q

What is it called when a society changes because it accepts an innovation?

A

Acculturation

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7
Q

What is a belief in a supernatural power or powers that are regarded as the creators and maintainers of the universe?

A

Religion

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8
Q

What is he number of live births per thousand population known as?

A

Birthrate

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9
Q

What is the average number of children a woman of childbearing years would have in her lifetime known as?

A

Fertility rate

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10
Q

What is the number of deaths per thousand people known as?

A

Mortality rate

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11
Q

What is the number of deaths among infants under age one per thousand live births known as?

A

Infant mortality rate

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12
Q

What is the birthrate minus the mortality rate of a population known as?

A

Rate of natural increase

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13
Q

What is a graphic device that shows sex and age distribution of a population?

A

Population pyramid

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14
Q

What are some reasons for migrating?

A

Push-pull factors

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15
Q

What is the average number of people who live in a measurable area?

A

Population density

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16
Q

What is the number of organisms a piece of land can support?

A

Carrying capacity

17
Q

What is an independent unit that occupies a specific territory and has full control of its internal and external affairs?

A

State

18
Q

What is a group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity?

A

Nation

19
Q

What is it called when a nation and a state occupy the same territory?

A

Nation-state

20
Q

What is a political system where citizens hold power, either directly or through elected representatives?

A

Democracy

21
Q

What is a ruling family headed by a queen or king that holds political power?

A

Monarchy

22
Q

What is it called when an individual/group holds complete political power?

A

Dictatorship

23
Q

Nearly all political power and means of production are held by the government in the name of all the people

A

Communism

24
Q

Landlocked

A

A country surrounded by other land with no direct outlet to the sea

25
Q

Urban geography

A

The study of how people use space in cities

26
Q

Cities

A

Centers of business and culture

27
Q

Suburbs

A

Political units touching the borders of the central city.

28
Q

Metropolitan area

A

A city, it’s suburbs, and exurbs

29
Q

Urbanization

A

The dramatic rise in the number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that result

30
Q

Central business district (CBD)

A

The core of a city based on commercial activity.

31
Q

Economy

A

The production and exchange of goods and services among a group of people

32
Q

Economic system

A

The way people produce and exchange goods and services

33
Q

What is it called when production of goods and services is determined by a central government, which owns the means of production?

A

Command economy

34
Q

What is the production of goods and services that is determined by the demand from consumers called?

A

Market economy

35
Q

What are materials on or in the earth that have economic value?

A

Natural resources

36
Q

What is the basic support systems needed to keep an economy going?

A

Infrastructure

37
Q

What is the average amount of money earned by each person in a political unit?

A

Per capita income

38
Q

What is the total value of all goods and services produced by a country over a year or some other specified period of time?

A

Gross National Product (GNP)

39
Q

What is the total value of all goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time?

A

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

World Geography (16 decks)

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