Chapter 16 Flashcards
Where did the Russian state begin?
Between the Baltic and Black seas
What three countries make up the Baltic Republics?
Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
Where did Vikings develop the first settlement?
Along the Dnieper River near Kiev
Who halted Russian expansion?
Mongolians called Tatars
What is a czar?
An emperor
Who wanted to westernize Russia?
Peter the Great
What was the Russian Revolution?
The revolt of the Russian people that ended the rule of the czars
Who led the Russian Communist Party to take over the government?
Vladimir Lenin
What is the USSR?
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Where did leaders rule the USSR from?
Moscow
Who took over the USSR by WWII?
Joseph Stalin
What was the Cold War?
Tensions between the USA and USSR that never erupted into full-blown warfare
Who gave more power to the Soviet people?
Mikhail Gorbachev
After the USSR’s fall, the region was divided into how many independent republics?
15
What is Russia formally known as?
The Russian Federation
The Russian Federal Assembly is divided into what two chambers?
The Federation and State Duma
Who inspired Communists?
Karl Marx
What did Karl Marx believe?
Citizens should own property together and share the wealth
What is a command economy?
An economy in which the central government makes all important decisions
What are collective farms?
Large teams of laborers gathered to work together
What percentage of Russia’s people are Russians?
80%
How many other types of people live in Russia besides Russians?
70
What is Russia’s main religion?
Orthodox Christianity
What other three religions are present in Russia?
Buddhism, Islam, and Judaism
What did socialist realism art show?
Citizens working together to create a socialist society
What are two major cities in Moscow?
Russia and St. Petersburg
What is Russia’s “window to the West”?
St. Petersburg
What percentage of Russia’s population own homes in the countryside?
30%
What are Russian vacation homes?
Dachas
What are banyas?
Bathhouses where Russians perform a cleaning ritual
What are serves as a trading route between Europe and Asia?
Transcaucasia
What do geographers call Transcaucasia, and what does it mean?
Tabal Al-Alsun; “Mountain of Language”
What two religions dominate Transcaucasia?
Islam and Christianity
What religion dominates Azerbaijan?
Islam
What country was the first to convert to Christianity and because of what King?
Armenia; King Tiridates III
What two countries are among the oldest Christian states in the world?
Armenia and Georgia
For how many centuries did Russia control Transcaucasia?
3
What was the Red Army?
Soviet military
What are some valuable crops grown in Transcaucasia?
Teas and fruits
What does Azerbaijan?
“Land of flames”
What is a supra?
Georgian dinner party
What five countries make up Central Asia?
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan
What was the Silk Road?
A route between China and the Mediterranean Sea that spread ideas, technology, and religion.
Who coined the term the “Great Game”?
Arthur Connoly
