Chapter 25 Flashcards
What countries set up trading colonies in India?
The French, Dutch, British, and Portuguese.
The Aryans established small kingdoms on the Ganges Plain and pushed out native Indians called _________ to the South.
Dravidians
Who was India’s first prime minister?
Jawaharlal Nehru
What fraction of India’s population relies on farming?
2/3
What have long been major products of India?
Cotton textiles
Most Indians eat a largely vegetarian diet based on rice, legumes, and flatbreads called what?
Chapati/roti
How many major languages does the Indian constitution recognize?
18
What are the most productive farming areas in Pakistan?
The irrigated portions of the Indus Valley.
What is an important economic development?
The introduction of microcredit?
What is the Pakistani custom of the seclusion of women called?
Purdah
What was the period of British control called?
Raj
What was the system of social classes known as?
The caste system
What is the land of conflict in South Asia?
Kashmir
What is a mountain guide?
A sherpa
What is a mandala?
A geometric design
What are the six dynasties of Muslim rulers?
The sultan
What is nonviolent resistance?
Protest movement without violence
What is the main ethnic group in Bhutan?
The Bhote
What is chapter 25 on?
The human geography of South Asia
Where did Indian civilization begin?
The Indus Valley
What empire united most of India in 321 B.C.?
The Mauryan Empire
What empire followed the Mauryan and ruled during an age of peace and prosperity?
The Gupta Empire
What empire was established in India by Muslims?
The Mughal Empire
How did Britain gain control over India’s trade?
The British East India Company
What is the period of direct British control that lasted 90 years?
Raj
Who used nonviolent resistance to oppose a British rule?
Mohandas Ghandi
Where is the world’s largest democracy?
India
What is a more balanced distribution of land among farmers?
Land reform
When did scientists begin introducing better farming techniques?
During the Green Revolution
Where are India’s main industrial regions centered?
Around Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, and Ahmadabad
What is India’s most prosperous city?
Mumbai
What is India’s high tech center?
Bangalore
Where is the Indian film industry based?
Mumbai
What are Southern India’s four major languages?
Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, and Malayalam
What percentage of India is Hindu?
80%
What do Hindus call the moral consequences of a person’s actions?
Karma
What is the Aryan system of social classes?
The caste system
What do Hindus call moral duty?
Dharma
What South Asian country is the 8th most populous country worldwide?
Bangladesh
What is Bangladesh’s biggest export?
Jute
What policy makes small loans available to entrepreneurs?
Microcredit
Who are people who build a business?
Entrepreneurs
What are Pakistan’s five main ethnic groups?
Punjabis, Sindhis, Pathans, Muhajirs, and Balochs.
What is Pakistan’s national language?
Urdu
What percentage of Bangladesh’s population is Hindu?
10%
What was the Maldives main economic activity for a while?
Fishing
What are Pakistani poetry readings?
Mushairas
Who won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1913?
Rabndranath Tagore
What is Bangladesh’s national anthem?
My Golden Bengal
What is a form of devotional singing performed by Muslims?
Qawwali
In what mountain range is Mt. Everest found in?
The Himalayas
What is a kingdom in which the ruler’s powers are limited by a constitution?
A constitutional monarchy
At what rate are the forests of Nepal being cut down?
1% per year
What percentage of Bhutan is still forested?
70%
What is Nepal’s capital?
Kathmandu
Who founded Buddhism?
Siddhartha Guatama
Who are people from the northern plains of India that crossed the narrow strait into Sri Lanka?
Sinhalese
Who are Dravidian Hindus from Southern India?
Tamils
What do the British call Sri Lanka?
Ceylon
What percentage of Sri Lanka’s population is made up by Tamils?
18%
What religion makes up 75% of Sri Lanka’s population?
Sinhalese Buddhists
What percentage of Sri Lanka’s citizens are Muslim?
7%
What is Sri Lanka’s capital?
Colombo
What is Sri Lanka’s national dance?
Kandyan dancing
What is the Maldives state religion?
Islam
What country has the highest per capita income in South Asia?
Sri Lanka
What caused Sri Lanka’s tourist industry to collapse?
Civil wars
