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Anatomy and Physiology I > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a tissue?

A

a group of cells of similar structure that performs a common function; cells form tissues and tissues form organs

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2
Q

what are the different components of a tissue?

A

extracellular matrix: everything surrounding the cells that are composed of proteins and ground substances- water, nutrients, waste products, and CO2/O2

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3
Q

epithelial tissue

A

covers and protects

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4
Q

connective tissue

A

support and binding

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5
Q

muscle tissue

A

movement

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6
Q

nervous tissue

A

control

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7
Q

where can you generally find epithelial tissue?

A

skin, external and internal linings of organs, and the linings of body cavities

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8
Q

what are the characteristics of epithelial tissue?

A

basement membrane, underlying connective tissue, nucleus

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9
Q

functions of epithelial:

A

protection (skin), absorption (small intestine), secretion, excretion, filtration, sensation

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10
Q

where does everything that goes into or out of the body pass through?

A

epithelial tissue

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11
Q

simple epithelial tissue

A

one layer of cells

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12
Q

stratified eptihelial tissue

A

multiple layers of cells

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13
Q

squamous shape epithelial

A

squam/ous = scaly/pertaining to
thing and scale like

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14
Q

cuboidal shape epithelial

A

cube like

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15
Q

columnar shape

A

elongated and rectangular

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16
Q

simple squamous epithelial tissue

A

single layered and scale like
found in: alveoli, glomerulus of kidneys, lining of blood vessels, serous membranes
functions: rapid diffusion or transport across membranes and to secrete serous fluid (lubricant)

17
Q

simple cuboidal epithelial tissue

A

single layer, cube or round shape
found in glands, ducts, portions of kidney tubules, thyroid gland
functions: limited protection, secretion, absorption

18
Q

simple columnar epithelial tissue

A

elongated single layer, can be non-ciliated or ciliated
found in lining of stomach, intestine, gallbladder, uterine tubes and collecting ducts of kidneys
functions: protection, secretion, absorption

19
Q

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue

A

all connected to basement membrane, looks stratified but not
found in lining of nasal cavity, trachea, bronchii; portions of male reproductive tract
functions: protection, secretion, moving mucus with cilia

20
Q

stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue

A

multiple layers of round or cube like cells; found in sweat glands, ovaries and tubules in testes
functions: secretions of sweat and hormones, sperm productions

20
Q

keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue

A

multiple layers; dead cells at top
found in epidermis
functions: resist abrasion, prevents water loss; bacterial invasion

21
Q

non keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue

A

no dead cells; has mucous membranes
found in oral, vagine cavity
functions: inhibits bacterial, secretion. resist absorption

22
Q

stratified columnar epithelial tissue

A

multiple elongated layers; found in small areas of pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary glands, salivary gland ducts, urethra

23
Q

transitional epithelial tissue

A

surface cells are round and bulging; found in urinary tract: bladder and ureter
function to allow filling and stretch

24
Q

endocrine vs exocrine

A

endocrine secretes directly to the bloodstream; ductless ex: thyroid gland
exocrine secretes via ducts outside the body ex, sweat ducts

25
Q

what are the different types of exocrine secretions?

A

serous: watery, enzyme filled solution
mucous: secrete mucin
mixed: mix of serous and mucous

26
Q

simple vs compound glands

A

simple is if the single duct doesn’t divide on its way to the gland cells; compound is if the duct divides into one or more

27
Q

tubular vs acinar gland

A

tubular is tube-like, think dead end; acinar is blind pockets at the end, think roundabout in the neighborhood

28
Q

merocrine secretion

A

secretion using exocytosis

29
Q

apocrine secretion

A

secretory vessicles include part of the cytoplasm

30
Q

holocrine

A

superficial cells burst; replacement happens by mitosis

31
Q
A

Anatomy and Physiology I (8 decks)

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