Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary site of carbohydrate digestion in monogastrics?

A

The small intestine

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2
Q

Which enzyme acts on alpha 1,4 links and removes disaccharide units in monogastrics?

A

Pancreatic amylase

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3
Q

Where do disaccharides get broken down into glucose in monogastrics?

A

The brush-border of the small intestine

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4
Q

What transports glucose into the brush-border in monogastrics?

A

ATP-dependent glucose transporters

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5
Q

What type of polysaccharides in the hindgut can serve as an energy source for microbes in monogastrics?

A

Fiber, nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP)

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6
Q

What is a major difference in carbohydrate digestion between ruminants and monogastrics?

A

Ruminants do not secrete amylase in the saliva and most carbohydrates are fermented in the rumen by microbial enzymes

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7
Q

What are the end products of carbohydrate fermentation in the rumen of ruminants?

A

Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid

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8
Q

How are VFAs absorbed in ruminants?

A

Through the rumen wall into the portal vein

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9
Q

What happens to the ratio of VFAs with different types of diets in ruminants?

A

Roughage diets favor more acetic acid, while concentrate diets favor more propionic acid

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10
Q

What is a common carbohydrate fermentation disorder in ruminants, especially with high-starch diets or sudden diet changes?

A

Rumen acidosis (grain overload)

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