Chapter 4

Question 1

What is sensory adaption?

Answer 1

Sensory adaptation is a reduction in sensitivity to a stimulus after constant exposure to it. While sensory adaptation reduces our awareness of a stimulus, it helps free up our attention and resources to attend to other stimuli in our environment. All five senses can experience sensory adaptation.

Question 2

Sensory adaption sense of smell ex:

Answer 2

People who don’t notice the smell of cigarette smoke, but people who don’t smoke can’t stand the smell

Question 3

Sensory adaption sense of touch ex:

Answer 3

if you put on a bracelet, you will notice the feel of it on your skin, but within minutes, sensory adaptation comes into play and the feeling will no longer be there.

Question 4

Sensory adaption sense of taste ex:

Answer 4

when we eat a specific food, the initial taste is very distinct and it is identified by our tongue’s sensory neurons, but as we keep eating the food, the taste is not as strong.

Question 5

Sensory adaptation sense of seeing ex:

Answer 5

our body’s visual system is able to automatically adjust to the intensity level of light. For example, when you enter a dark building after being exposed to the sunlight, your eyes will adjust because of sensory adaptation.

Question 6

Function + pathway of the pupil:

Answer 6

The opening in the center of the iris which helps regulate how much light passes through the rear chamber of the eye.

Question 7

Function + pathway of the Cornea:

Answer 7

Where light enters the eye

Question 8

Function + pathway of the Iris:

Answer 8

Iris is the colored ring of muscle surrounding the pupil

Question 9

Function + pathway of the lens:

Answer 9

Transparent eye structure that focuses the light rays falling on the retina

Question 10

Function + pathway of the Optic Disc:

Answer 10

Hole in retina; you can’t see the part of an image that falls on it

Question 11

Function + pathway of the retina:

Answer 11

Absorbs light, processes images, and sends visual info to brain

Question 12

Function + pathway to Foeva:

Answer 12

Center of retina that contains only cones; visual activity is greatest at this spot

Question 13

What is the function of rods and cones?

Answer 13

Rods are responsible for vision at low light levels. They do not mediate color vision, and have a low spatial acuity.

Cones are active at higher light levels, are capable of color vision and are responsible for high spatial acuity. The central fovea is populated exclusively by cones.

Question 14

What is depth perception?

Answer 14

the ability to see the three dimensional volume of objects and the spatial layout of objects relative to one another and the viewer.

Question 15

Define Binocular Cues

Answer 15

Clues about distance based on differing views of the two eye

Question 16

Define Monocular Cues

Answer 16

Clues about distance based on the image in either eye alone

Question 17

Define place theory

Answer 17

Holds perception of pitch corresponds to the vibration of different portions, or places, along the basilar membrane

Question 18

Define frequency theory

Answer 18

Holds perception of pitch which the entire basilar membrane vibrates

Question 19

How are the place theory and the frequency theory different from each other?

Answer 19

The place theory is different from the frequency theory because the place theory holds perception to certain and specific parts along the basilar membrane, whereas the frequency theory holds perception throughout the tire basilar membrane.

Question 20

How does the ear transit auditory information? (In other words, what are the function of the different structures of the ear?) (NOTE: Pay particular attention to the inner workings of the cochlea and how they cochlea implant attempts to stimulate this process.)

Answer 20

The mechanics of hearing: sound waves vibrate the eardrum, that vibrancy is transferred to bones (ossicles) of the middle ear, the movement in the ossicles moves the cochlea (basilar membrane) and create liquid waves that stimulate little hair cells.

Question 21

Know the stimulus and receptors for taste. What are the 5 types of taste?

Answer 21

Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami