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Med Surg 1 (term 4) > Chapter 39 > Flashcards

Chapter 39 Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammation of the gums in the mouth?

A

 gingivitis

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2
Q

What is the most common cause of tooth loss among adults?

A

Periodontal disease

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3
Q

What is an erosive process that begins with the action of bacteria in the mouth which produces acids that dissolve tooth enamel

A

Tooth decay

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4
Q

What is the hardest substance in the human body?

A

Tooth enamel

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5
Q

What is a gluey gelatin like substance that adheres to the teeth?

A

Dental plaques

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6
Q

What is the primary lesion of syphilis?

A

Chancre

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7
Q

White patches with rough hair like projections typically found on the lateral border of the tongue?

A

Oral hairy leukoplakia

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8
Q

Inflammation of the mucus lining of the mouth

A

 stomatitis

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9
Q

What is another term for canker sore?

A

Aphthous stomatitis

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10
Q

If brushing the teeth is not possible what should you do?

A

Wipe the teeth with the gauze pad and then have the patience swish with an antiseptic mouthwash

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11
Q

Abscessed tooth is also called?

A

Periapical abscess

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12
Q

A discomfort in the muscle controlling jaw function and in the neck and shoulder muscles

A

 Myofascial pain

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13
Q

What are symptoms related to a TMJ disorder?

A

 headache
 Earache
 dizziness
Hearing problem

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14
Q

About how much saliva is produced daily?

A

1500mL

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15
Q

Inflammation of the parotid gland?

A

Parotitis

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16
Q

The onset of parotitis is what?

A

Sudden associated with fever, chills, and other systemic signs of infection

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17
Q

With parotitis what May the treatment be?

A

Parotidectomy- the gland may need to be drained

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18
Q

Inflammation of the salivary glands?

A

Sialadenitis

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19
Q

What are symptoms of Sialadenitis?

A

Pain,swelling, and purulent discharge 

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20
Q

Another word for salivary calculi

A

Sialolithiasis

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21
Q

What is a procedure for sialolithiasis that requires anesthesia and uses a shock wave and disintegrates the stone?

A

Lithotripsy

22
Q

A benign tumor of the salivary glands may just have what present?

A

Painless swelling of the glands

23
Q

What is the cancer cell that is usually malignant of the oral cavity?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma‘s

24
Q

A typical lesion in oral cancer is what?

A

Painless hardened ulcer with raised edges

25
Q

When the patient has cancer of the tongue what tx may preserve tongue function to maintain quality of life?

A

Radiation therapy and chemotherapy

26
Q

What is the term for removal of the tongue

A

Total glossectomy

27
Q

What is the term for dryness of the mouth?

A

Xerostomia

28
Q

Removal of all cervical lymph nodes from the mandible to the clavicle, removal of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, internal jugular vein, and spinal accessory nerve on the one side of the neck

A

Radical neck dissection

29
Q

After a neck dissection what suction may be used to help remove oral secretions?

A

Yankauer suction

30
Q

How much serosanguineous secretions from a neck dissection my drain over the first 24 hours?

A

80-120mL

31
Q

A graft from the neck dissection is present what should it look and feel like?

A

Pale pink and warm to touch

32
Q

What may be a potential complication for a neck dissection?

A

Hemorrhage from a carotid artery rupture

33
Q

What is most common after a radial neck dissection and often requires extensive physical rehab?

A

Shoulder dysfunction

34
Q

What type of feeding is indicated when the esophagus and stomach needs to be bypassed or when the patient is at risk for aspiration?

A

Nasoduodenal or Nasojejunal feeding

35
Q

Physiologic response to rapid emptying of gastric contents in the small intestine manifested by nausea, diaphoresis, weakness, sweating, palpitations, and possibly diarrhea?

A

Dumping  syndrome

36
Q

What can dumping syndrome lead to?

A

 dehydration
Hypotension
tachycardia 

37
Q

What is the most common symptom of esophageal diseases?

A

 dysphasia

38
Q

Failure of the esophageal sphincter to relax in response to swallowing

A

Achalasia

39
Q

Another term for heartburn

A

Pyrosis

40
Q

And out-pouching of mucosa and submucosa that protrudes through a weak portion of the musculature of the esophagus

A

Esophageal diverticulum

41
Q

The diaphragm enlarged in which the upper stomach moves up into the lower portion of the thorax?

A

Hiatal hernia

42
Q

Forceful vomiting or severe straining is called ?

A

Boerhaave syndrome

43
Q

Chemical burns of the esophagus may be caused by what?

A

 and undissolved medication

44
Q

Disorder marked by backflow of gastric or duodenal contents into the esophagus that can cause trouble some symptoms such as; pyrosis, a burning sensation in the esophagus, regurgitation

A

GERD

45
Q

Cancer of the esophagus has been associated with ingestion of what

A

Alcohol and tobacco

46
Q

Primary symptom of achalasia is what?

A

Difficulty swallowing

47
Q

Symptoms of early oral cancer?

A

Produce no symptoms in the early stage

48
Q

Symptoms of a hemorrhage include?

A

Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Hypotension

49
Q

What can be prescribed for GERD

A

Metoclopramide

50
Q

Tube placement for continuous tube feeding is checked when?

A

Every shift

51
Q

When a patient feels the urge to vomit how should they breath?

A

Long, slow breaths

52
Q

Symptoms of dumping syndrome?

A

Weakness
Diaphoresis
Diarrhea 90 min after meal

Med Surg 1 (term 4) (9 decks)

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