Chapter 35: Abdominal

Question 1

Dullness

Answer 1

In fluid or solid tissue

Question 2

Hyper resonance

Answer 2

In the presence of air

Question 3

Crackles or rales

Answer 3

Fine to coarse bubbly sounds as air passes through fluid or re-expands collapsed small airways

Question 4

Wheezes

Answer 4

High pitched whistling, musical sounds as air passes through narrowed or obstructed airways,usually louder on expiration

Question 5

Rhonchi

Answer 5

Coarse, loud, low-pitched rumbling sounds during either inspiration or expiration resulting from fluid or mucus

Question 6

Kyphosis

Answer 6

An increased curvature of the thoracic spine due to osteoporosis and weakened cartilage

Question 7

Fiber requirement

Answer 7

25 to 38 g/day

Question 8

Fluid requirement

Answer 8

2 L/day for women and 3 L/day for men

Or 1500-2000 mL

Question 9

Laxatives

Answer 9

Softens stool

Question 10

Cathartic

Answer 10

Medication that Promote peristalsis

Question 11

Flatulence

Answer 11

Distention of the bowel from Gas accumulation

Question 12

Loop colostomies

Answer 12

(Temporary) A loop of bowel is supported on the abdomen with a proximal stoma draining stool and distal aroma draining mucus

Question 13

Double barrel colostomies

Answer 13

One proximal (drains stool) and one distal (leads to inactive intestines)

Question 14

Fecal occult blood (guaiac) test

Answer 14

This test can detect small amounts of blood in stool. Avoid red meat, citrus fruit, raw vegetables

Question 15

How much should you insert a Rectal tube

Answer 15

7.5 to 10 cm

Child: 5 to 7.5

Question 16

Peritonitis

Answer 16

Inflammation of the peritoneum

Question 17

What is the appendix connected to?

Answer 17

Cecum

Question 18

Small intestines (in order)

Answer 18

Duodenum
Jejunum
Illium

Question 19

Large intestine (in order)

Answer 19

Cecum 
Ascending colon 
Transverse colon
Descending colon 
Sigmoid

Question 20

Colon (stool formation)

Answer 20

Ascending colon: liquid stool
Transverse colon: semi form solid stool
Descending colon: solid stool

Question 21

Melena

Answer 21

Upper Gi Bleeding

Question 22

Bristol stool chart

Answer 22

Check type of feces

Question 23

Barium test

Answer 23

Test agent where stools appear chalky white or tan until all has been eliminated. Laxatives are given if barium remains and hardens

Question 24

Hemoccult/guaiac

Answer 24

Takes stool and test to see for microscopic blood —
positive =purple (internal bleeding)
Negative=no color change

Question 25

Fecal impaction

Answer 25

Seepage

Accumulation of stool in the rectum

Question 26

Fecal incontinence

Answer 26

Involuntary passing of stool

Question 27

Flatulence

Answer 27

Passing gas

Question 28

Distension

Answer 28

Abdomen accumulated excess gas,liquid, or stool

Abdomen appears larger

Question 29

Ascities

Answer 29

Peritoneal filled with water

Question 30

Suppository

Answer 30

Medication prepared in a base

Question 31

Hemorrhoids

Answer 31

Engordes, dilated blood vessels in the rectal wall

Use sitz bath or ice pack to promote relief