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BIO 152 > Chapter 33-Invertebrate II > Flashcards

Chapter 33-Invertebrate II Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristic of ecdysozoa

A
  • Protostomes that are genetically from lophotrochozoa.

- all ecdysozoan possess cuticle.

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2
Q

What is the function of cuticles?

A

They do provide support and protection.

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3
Q

What is ecdysis?

A

It is process in which cuticle get shed to allow for growth.

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4
Q

What are the two phyla of ecdysozoa?

A
  1. Nematoda

2. arthropods.

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5
Q

Characteristic of Nematoda

A
  • commonly known as roundworms
  • larges pseudocoelomate.
  • many are parasitic, and many are beneficial for soil
  • tough collagen cuticle covers the body.
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6
Q

where does Nematoda phylum organisms live?

A

They live in al habitats on earth.

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7
Q

What phylum does C.elegan belongs to?

A

They belong to nematoda and they are a research model for genetic and development.

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8
Q

How does nematoda phylum organisms move?

A

They used longitudinal muscles in thrashing movement.

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9
Q

What is stylet?

A

Sharp piercing organ in the mouth.

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10
Q

How does nematoda phylum organisms reproduce?

A

sexual reproduction (internal fertilization)

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11
Q

What are examples of nematoda phylum?

A
  • Ascaris
  • Hookworms
  • Pinworms
  • heartworms
  • nematode
  • Trichinella.
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12
Q

How does Ascaris spread?

A

They spread through contaminated food.

lungs–> throat —> intestines wall.

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13
Q

Which worm causes elephantiasis?

A

nematode worm

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14
Q

Which worm causes trichinosis?

A

Trichinella worm through undercooked pork.

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15
Q

Characteristic of arthropod phylum

A
  • largest phylum
  • jointed appendages
  • they have exoskeleton.
  • extensive cephalization.
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16
Q

Where does the arthropod organisms live?

A

They live in all major habitats.

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17
Q

What is exoskeleton made of?

A

It is made of chitin (polysaccharide) and protein

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18
Q

What is the function of exoskeleton?

A
  1. Either tough and protective or soft and flexible
  2. restrict water loss
  3. growth require replacement of exoskeleton.
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19
Q

What is tagmata?

A

specialized grouping of segments.

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20
Q

What are the three typical tagmata?

A
  1. head
  2. thorax
  3. abdomen.
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21
Q

What are the digestive system’s organs of arthropod phylum?

A

It is a complex digestive system that include mouth, crop, stomach, intestine, and rectum.

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22
Q

Does arthropod phylum organism have eyes?

A

YES, Compound eyes composed of many ommatidia, each with independent visual field.

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23
Q

What is the function of antenna?

A

It is used for touch.

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24
Q

What type of circulatory system does arthropod phylum have?

A

It has open cirulatory system.

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25
Q

How does arthropod phylum organisms breath?

A
  1. aquatic organisms uses gills

2. the other uses tracheal system

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26
Q

What is spiracles?

A

pores in the body of arthropod organisms that is used in the breathing system.

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27
Q

What are hemocoel?

A

They are open sinuses that surround the major organs.

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28
Q

What excretion system does arthropod phylum have?

A
  1. metanephridia (some arthropod)

2. malpighian tubules (insects).

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29
Q

How does arthropod reproduce?

A
  • By sexual reproduction (internal fertilization)

- some exhibit parental care.

30
Q

What are the 5 different subphyla of arthropod phylum?

A
  1. Trilobita (extinct)
  2. chelicerata
  3. myriapoda
  4. hexapoda
  5. crustacea.
31
Q

Characteristics of subphyla trilobita

A
  • diverse lifestyle, but many are bottom feeders.
  • extinct early arthropod
  • little specialization of segment.
32
Q

Characteristic of subphyla chelicerata

A
  • They have 4 pairs of legs, and 2 tagmata.

- possess chelicerae (fangs) and some sensitive pedipalps

33
Q

What are examples of chelicerata?

A

Spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, and horseshoe crabs

34
Q

How many tagmata does chilcerate have?

A

They two tagmata.

35
Q

How many legs does chilcerate have?

A

They have 4 pairs of legs.

36
Q

How many does tamata does the mite and ticks have?

A

They have fused tagmata

37
Q

How does mites exist?

A

They may scavengers, plant pests, or parasite.

38
Q

How does ticks exist?

A

They are all ectoparasites of vertebrates; many spread disease

39
Q

Characteristic of subphylum myriapoda

A
  • Diplopods

- chilopods

40
Q

What are diplopods?

A

They are millipedes that have 2 pairs of legs in each segment. herbivorous

41
Q

what are chilopods?

A

They are centipedes that have 1 pair of legs in each segment. carnivorous

42
Q

Characteristic of subphylum hexapoda

A

-Most successful animal in number and diversity.

43
Q

How many legs does subphylum hexapoda have?

A

They have 3 pairs of legs and 2 pairs wings.

44
Q

What type of mouth does grasshopper have?

A

Chewing mouth.

45
Q

What type of mouth does butterfly have?

A

Nectar sucking.

46
Q

What type of mouth does mosquitos have?

A

Blood sucking.

47
Q

What type of mouth does housefly have?

A

Lapping up liquid.

48
Q

what is holometabolous?

A

Complete metamorphosis.

egg, larva, pupa, adult.

49
Q

what is the hemimetabolous?

A

incomplete metamorphosis.

egg, nymph (without wings), adult.

50
Q

Characteristic of subphylum crustacea

A
  • Two pair of antenna

- tail fan

51
Q

What are some examples of crustacea?

A

crabs, shrimp, lobsters, barnacles.

52
Q

What is the function of tail fan?

A

It is for backward swimming.

53
Q

What are the mouthpart of crustacea subphylum?

A
  1. mandibles
  2. mixilae
  3. maxillipeds.
54
Q

What are the chelipeds?

A

powerful claws that may be attached to the walking legs.

55
Q

What is carapace?

A

It is cuticle covering over head may extend over cephalothorax

56
Q

characteristic of echinoderms phylum

A
  • Marin organism
  • spiny skin
  • adults have radial symmetry with five arms
  • larvae have bilateral symmetry.
  • cephalization is absent.
  • endoskeleton
  • Unique water vascular system
57
Q

Does echinoderms phylum have coelomate?

A

YES, it has well developed coelom

58
Q

What is the water vascular system?

A
  • Network of canals and tube feet that use hydraulic power for movement and feeding.
  • ampullae
59
Q

what is the function of ampullae?

A

It contract and fill tube feet with water, generating suction.

60
Q

Does echinoderm phylum have excretory system?

A

NO, they lack excretory system

61
Q

Does echinoderm phylum have circulatory system?

A

NO, the coelom take the role of distributing nutrients.

62
Q

What is autotomy?

A

It is self amputation and regeneration.

63
Q

What are the two examples of echinoderm?

A
  1. asteroidea

2. echinoidea

64
Q

What are the 4 key distinguishing characteristics of chordata phylum?

A
  1. Notochord
  2. Dorsal hollow nerve cord
  3. pharyngeal slits
  4. post-anal tail.
65
Q

What is the function of Notochord?

A

It is dorsal rod connective tissue.

The main function of notochord is to supports the body.

66
Q

What is the function of dorsal hollow nerve cord?

A

it may expand at the anterior end to form brain.

67
Q

what is the function of pharyngeal slits?

A

it may develop into filter feeders, gills, or other structures.

68
Q

What are the three subphyla of chordata phylum?

A
  1. urochordata
  2. cephalochordata
  3. vertebra.
69
Q

characteristic of subphylum urochordata

A
  • marine species called tunicate
  • larval tunicate exhibit all 4 chordata traits.
  • sessile form adult
70
Q

What are the component of filter feeding?

A
  1. incurrent siphons
  2. excurrent siphons
  3. pharyngeal slits.
71
Q

What is Tunicin?

A

Tunic of protein and polysaccharide that encloses the whole animal.

BIO 152 (11 decks)

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