Chapter 31 - book notes - Preoperative Preparation

Question 1

What does fenestrated mean?

Answer 1

having a window or one created in a surgical drape

Question 2

What does impervious mean?

Answer 2

does not allow water to penetrate

Question 3

What does ingesta mean?

Answer 3

food material in the intestinal tract

Question 4

What is a Laparotomy?

Answer 4

a surgical incision into the abdominal cavity

Question 5

What does Orthopedic mean?

Answer 5

relating to surgery on the skeleton

Question 6

What does swaged mean?

Answer 6

“Squeezed on” as with a suture needle onto suture

Question 7

What is the role of the veterinary operating room tech?

Answer 7

prepares instruments tables with all the instruments, tool, materials needed for surgery

Question 8

What is the role of the surgical assistant?

Answer 8

collaborates with surgeon to make sure that…
- patient is properly clipped
- patent properly positioned
- confirm all equipment is nearby
- assess clipped area for proper dimensions &
thoroughness of hair removal

Question 9

The surgical position of the patient is based on several factors, what are they?

Answer 9

• the surgical approach
• particular surgery to be performed
• draping technique for that procedure
• the number of surgeries to be performed on the patient

Question 10

T or F

Assess the location of the warming blanket and the electrocautery plate after draping.

Answer 10

F Assess the location of the warming blanket and the electrocautery plate before draping.

Question 11

What is an electrocautery plate?

Answer 11

It is a plate that is located beneath the patient

Question 12

What has to be between the patient and the electrocautery plate?

Answer 12

a damp surgical towel is placed between the patient and the plate or use electrocautery gel

Question 13

What is electrocautery?

Answer 13

it limits bleeding from a surgical cut by passing a high-frequency alternating electrical current through the tissue from the handpiece to the electrical ground plate

Question 14

What are some ways in which a patient can be maintained in a desired position?

Answer 14

• Tape (passed over a patient and secured to the table
• sand bags
• vacuum bags

Question 15

Use of ___ ___ is the most common way of generating a sterile surgical field.

Answer 15

quarter towels

Question 16

Each drape is laid down and secured with _____ _____ clamps.

Answer 16

Backhaus towel

Question 17

For most abdominal surgery, what position should the animal be in?

Answer 17

dorsal recumbency with the ventrum oriented to the ceiling

Question 18

What is the ventrum?

Answer 18

abdomen (stomach)

Question 19

For most surgeries to the thorax, what position should the animal be in?

Answer 19

dorsal (i.e. median sternotomy) or lateral recumbency (i.e. intercostal thoracotomy)

Question 20

For surgeries to the spine, what position should the animal be in?

Answer 20

dorsally or ventrally

Question 21

What is a perineal stand?

Answer 21

allows patient to be in a raised position and prevents the hindlimbs from interfering with the surgery.

Question 22

When a patient is positioned in a perineal stand, it is essential that the _____ _____ be cushioned.

Answer 22

ventral abdomen (placing padding or several soft towels under the abdomen)

Question 23

For certain surgical procedures (i.e. anual sacculectomy, etc) patients may be placed in _____ recumbency on a perineal stand.

Answer 23

ventral

Question 24

For oral surgeries, patients can be in ____, ____, or ____ recumbency. It depends on the type of surgery

Answer 24

dorsal, ventral or lateral

Question 25

In the operating room, what items are the surgeon and the surgical assistant responsible to maintain its sterility?

Answer 25

gowns, gloves, drapes and instruments

Question 26

In the operating room, what are the circulating OR technicians responsible for to maintain its sterility?

Answer 26

the surgeon and the surgical assistant as well as the anesthesia team

Question 27

“What is a “pick sheet?”

Answer 27

a paper that contains a list of instruments needed for a particular surgery

Question 28

What are the most commonly used instruments in a surgery?

Answer 28

thumb forceps, scissors, needle holders

Question 29

Why should instruments that have been used be organized when placing them back onto the table?

Answer 29

replacing an instrument to a predetermined location prevents delays in accessing that instrument when needed

Question 30

What would a magnetic box be used for in a surgery?

Answer 30

to hold sharp instruments - decreasing the likelihood that someone might get poked

Question 31

When should an instrument be removed from instrument table?

Answer 31

when it is contaminated by a dirty wound or tumor cells

Question 32

What is the surgical assistant’s job when an instrument is contaminated?

Answer 32

to make sure that the contaminated instrument is not used again

Question 33

What else must be changed if it has touch a contaminated instrument?

Answer 33

surgical gloves

Question 34

What would be a reason for gauze to contain radiopaque strips?

Answer 34

so that the gauze can be seen on a radiograph should it be left inside a patient