Chapter 30 - Key terms

Question 1

Asepsis?

Answer 1

condition of sterility wherein no living organisms are present

Question 2

Aseptic technique?

Answer 2

methods used to prevent contamination of a surgical site or wound by disease-producing organisms

Question 3

Assisted gloving?

Answer 3

method on putting on sterile gloves in which a sterile, gloved assistant holds the glove open to allow the surgeon to advance his or her hand into the glove without touching the outside

Question 4

Box lock?

Answer 4

hinged part of a needle holder, tissue forceps, or hemostatic forceps

Question 5

Chemical sterilization?

Answer 5

Use of liquid or gas to sterilize surgical materials.

Question 6

Closed gloving?

Answer 6

method of putting on sterile gloves in which the hands are kept hidden within the sleeves of a sterile gown during gloving

Question 7

Flash sterilization?

Answer 7

Emergency sterilization in which the instrument is placed unwrapped in an autoclave and is taken directly to surgery after sterilization.

Question 8

Gas sterilization?

Answer 8

use of chemical vapors to sterilize surgical materials and instruments that cannot withstand the high temperatures associated with steam sterilization in autoclaves (ethylene oxide -most commonly used gas)

Question 9

Incise draping?

Answer 9

a sterile, adherent, plastic surgical drape -often impregnated with an antiseptic. The drape is incised along with the skin.

Question 10

Ingress port?

Answer 10

port on a tubular instrument used to infuse a solution into a cavity, such as a joint

Question 11

Insufflate?

Answer 11

to pump a gas or medicinal substance into a body cavity

Question 12

Joule?

Answer 12

unit of energy or work. The amount of work required or energy needed to produce 1 watt of power for 1 second

Question 13

Obturator?

Answer 13

stylus or removable plug used during insertion of a tubular instrument

Question 14

One-step prep?

Answer 14

alcohol-based solutions containing other antiseptics that form a film when painted on the skin - provide rapid onset of antiseptic effect and a long residual effect

Question 15

Open gloving?

Answer 15

method of putting on sterile gloves when the person is not wearing a sterile gown or when the hands are protruding through the ends of the gown sleeves

Question 16

Osteochondral fragments?

Answer 16

fracture involving the articular cartilage and underlying bone

Question 17

Paralumbar fossa?

Answer 17

depression in the dorsocaudal abdominal body wall of quadrupeds bordered by the costal processes of the lumbar vertebrae, the last thoracic rub, and the tuber coxae

Question 18

Peritoneal lining?

Answer 18

a thin transparent membrane (serosa) that lines the peritoneal cavity, also called the parietal peritoneum

Question 19

Physical sterilization?

Answer 19

use of filtration, radiation, and heat applied to medical products.

Question 20

Plume?

Answer 20

smoke created from laser application on tissue

Question 21

Prosthesis?

Answer 21

synthetic material used to replace some tissue or part of the body

Question 22

Ratchet?

Answer 22

part of an instrument- usually located near the rings or handles - allows the instrument to be maintained in one position after it has grasped or retracted the tissue

Question 23

Recumbency?

Answer 23

lying down

Question 24

Residual activity?

Answer 24

continued bactericidal activity that persists after antiseptic or disinfectant has been applied

Question 25

Scrub in?

Answer 25

the process of disinfecting the hands and donning sterile gown and gloves to participate in a sterile procedure

Question 26

Scrub suit?

Answer 26

shirt and pants worn into the operating room - usually made of lint-free cotton or polyester material

Question 27

Sterile field?

Answer 27

an area that has been prepared for the use of sterile equipment

Question 28

Sterile technique?

Answer 28

creating a sterile field and working within it by not contaminating it with nonsterile objects

Question 29

Strike-through?

Answer 29

when fluid penetrates a surgical drape or gown, it creates a pathway by which organisms can invade the sterile field

Question 30

Subchondral bone?

Answer 30

the bone that lies just beneath joint cartilage

Question 31

Triangulation?

Answer 31

technique used in laparoscopic and arthroscopic surgery that establishes two reference points - one using the scope and the other the surgical hand instrument - to target a third point, the surgical site

Question 32

Glutaraldehyde?

Answer 32

a liquid that is commonly used to sterilize surgical instruments

Question 33

When is ethylene oxide and hydrogen peroxide used?

Answer 33

when needing to sterilize by vaporization of EO and HP, delicate equipment, instruments, and plastic items that cannot tolerate the high temperatures, pressures, and steam (autoclaving)

Question 34

Filtration is often used to sterilize?

Answer 34

pharmaceuticals

Question 35

Radiation is used to sterilize?

Answer 35

packaged products such as sterile bandaging material

Question 36

Heat is used to sterilize?

Answer 36

surgical instruments and materials that cannot withstand the high temperatures, pressure, and heat of autoclaving

Question 37

What areas are included in the sterile field?

Answer 37

the area around the wound, incision site or body orifice into which an instrument or catheter will be passed, the area covered by sterile drapes and the sterile region of properly attired personnel

Question 38

How does triangulation help the surgeon in surgery?

Answer 38

enables the surgeon to visualize the site of interest while at the same time manipulating surgical instruments inside a body cavity to make surgical corrections