Chapter 30: Plant Diversity 2

Question 1

Seed Plants

Answer 1

• Collectively called the spermatophytes
• Two clades
• 1. Gymnosperms
• 2. Angiosperms

Question 2

Seed Plant Adaptations

Answer 2

• Five crucial adaptations
  
  • 1. Reduced gametophytes
  • 2. Heterospory
  • 3. Ovules
  • 4. Pollen
  • 5. Seeds

Question 3

​Reduced Gametophyte

Answer 3

• Microscopic
• Retained in sporangium
• Dependent on sporophyte
  
  • protection
  • nutrients

Question 4

Heterospory

Answer 4

• is the production of two kinds of spores
  
  • 1. Megasporangia – megaspores
  • 2. Microsporangia – microspores
• Spores give rise to gametophyte

Question 5

Ovule

Answer 5

• Components include
  
  • 1. Megasporangium
  • 2. Megaspore
  • 3. Integuments

Question 6

Pollen Grain

Answer 6

• Composed of
  
  • 1. Male gametophyte
  • 2. Pollen wall
• Often modified for dispersal

Question 7

​Seed Advantages

Answer 7

• Advantages
  
  • 1. Seed coat
  • 2. Food supply
  • 3. Long term dormancy
  • 4. Dispersal

Question 8

Gymnosperms

Answer 8

• Seeds on cones
• Four phyla
  
  • 1. Cycadophyta
  • 2. Ginkgophyta
  • 3. Gnetophyta
  • 4. Coniferophyta

Question 9

Phylum Cycadophyta

Answer 9

• Large cones, palmlike leaves
• Severely threatened

Question 10

Phylum Ginkgophyta

Answer 10

• One living species, Gingko biloba
• Highly tolerant to air pollution

Question 11

Phylum Gnetophyta

Answer 11

• Composed of three genera
• Wide range appearance, locations

Question 12

Phylum Coniferophyta

Answer 12

• Largest phyla
• Most are evergreens
  
  • photosynthesize all year
• “Woody cones & needles”

Question 13

Gymnosperm Life Cycle

Answer 13

• Three key features
  
  • 1. Dominant sporophyte
  • 2. Sperm to ovule by pollen
  • 3. Seeds from fertilized ovules

Question 14

Life Cycle of Pine

Answer 14

Question 15

Angiosperms

Answer 15

• Commonly called flowering plants
• Phylum Anthophyta
• Most diverse; wide spread of all plants
• Two key features
  
  • 1. Flowers
  • 2. Fruit

Question 16

Flower

Answer 16

• Specialized for sexual reproduction
• Four modified leaves
  
  • 1. Sepals
  • 2. Petals
  • 3. Carpels/Pistils
  • 4. Stamens
• Complete or Incomplete

Question 17

Fruit

Answer 17

• is a mature ovary
• Protect seeds
• Aid in dispersal
• Can be fleshy or dry

Question 18

Angiosperm Life Cycle

Answer 18

Question 19

Angiosperm Diversity

Answer 19

• Two main groups
  
  • 1. Monocots
  • 2. Eudicots – “true dicots”
  • 3. Basal angiosperms
  • 4. Magnoliids

Question 20

Basal Angiosperms

Answer 20

Question 21

Magnoliids

Answer 21

Question 22

Monocots vs. Eudicot

Answer 22