Chapter 30: Endocrine Pancreas & Glucose Homeostasis Flashcards by Sonya Narla | Brainscape

Q

Acarbose: mechanism of action

A

alpha glucosidase inhibitor

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Q

Miglitol

A

alpha glucosidase inhibitor

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Q

Voglibose

A

alpha glucosidase inhibitor

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Q

Acetohexamide

A

First generation sulfonylurea: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Chloropropamide

A

First generation sulfonylurea: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Tolazamide

A

First generation sulfonylurea: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Tolbutamide

A

First generation sulfonylurea: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Glimepiride

A

Second generation sulfonylurea: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Glipizide

A

Second generation sulfonylurea: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Glibenclamide

A

Second generation sulfonylurea: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Glyburide

A

Second generation sulfonylurea: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Gliclazide

A

Second generation sulfonylurea: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Gliquidone

A

Second generation sulfonylurea: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Nateglinide

A

Meglitidine: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Repaglinide

A

Meglitidine: inhibits the ATP/K+ pump in B cells to promote insulin secretion

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Q

Metformin

A

Insulin Sensitizer: Bigaunides. Activated AMP Dependent protein kinase. Blocks synthesis of fatty acids and inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Increases insulin recepto activity and responsiveness in liver and skeletal muscle

Q

Pramlintide

A

Amylin analogue: released from B cell along with insulin. Acts on CNS to slow gastric emptying and reduce glucose and glucagon release after meals. Makes you feel full too.

Q

Exenatide

A

GLP-1 analogue. Enhances insult secretion. Inhibits glucagon secretion. Decrease appetite. Delay gastric emptying.

Q

Liraglutide

A

GLP-1 analogue. Enhances insult secretion. Inhibits glucagon secretion. Decrease appetite. Delay gastric emptying.

Q

Sitagliptin

A

DDP-4 inhibitor. DDP-4 blocks GLP-1. Enhances insult secretion. Inhibits glucagon secretion. Decrease appetite. Delay gastric emptying.

Q

Saxagliptin

A

DDP-4 inhibitor. DDP-4 blocks GLP-1. Enhances insult secretion. Inhibits glucagon secretion. Decrease appetite. Delay gastric emptying.

Q

Pioglitazone

A

TZD: Insulin Sensitizer: binds to PPAR-y to make adipose, liver, and muscle more sensitive to insulin.

Q

Rosiglitazone

A

TZD: Insulin Sensitizer: binds to PPAR-y to make adipose, liver, and muscle more sensitive to insulin.

Q

Diazoxide

A

Binds to SUR1 subunit of ATP/K+ channel in the pancreatic B cells. Keeps channel open so that insulin secretion is DECREASED.

Q

Octreotide

A

Somatostatin analogue - inhibits GHRH release

Q

Glucagon

A

produced by alpha cells and stimulates gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in liver. INCREASES BLOOD SUGGGAAAAA