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Pharmacology > Chapter 10: Adrenergic Pharmacology > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Adrenergic Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

alpha-methyltyrosine

A

inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase (RL step) to prevent formation of catecholamines

Not really used clinically because there are better medications for hypertension

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2
Q

reserpine

A

irreversibly inhibits VMAT so that vesicles cannot store dopamine and NE

Not really used clinically since it is irreversible

But can be used to assess what concentration of a drug is needed

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3
Q

Guanethidine

A

acts as a “false neurotransmitter” and is transported into neurons by NET….essentially displaces NE

can lead to postural hypotension or hypotension after exercise

TX: hypertension
Don’t use with MAOI

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4
Q

Guanadrel

A

Same as Guanethidine

Tx: hypertension

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5
Q

Amphetamine

A

MOA: displace catecholamines from storage, block NE reuptake by NET, weakly inhibit MAO

TX: ADHD & narcolepsy

Lots of side effects (addiction potential, loss of appetite, irritability, ED)

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6
Q

Methylphenidate

A

MOA: displaces catecholamines from storage vesicles, blocks NE reuptake by NET, weakly inhibit MAO

TX: ADHD

A lot of side effects

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7
Q

Pseudophedrine

A

MOA: inhibits catecholamine storage in vesicles
TX: allergic rhinitis & nasal decongestion
“Sudafed” - over the counter decongestant
DO NOT USE W MAOIs

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8
Q

Cocaine

A

MOA: inhibit NET reuptake (allows accumulation of NE in synpatic cleft)

TX: sometimes local anesthetic; drug abuse

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9
Q

Imipramine

A

Same as Cocaine

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10
Q

Amitriptyline

A

Basically same as Cocaine; used as an antidepressant

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11
Q

Phenelzine

A

MAOI for depression tx

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12
Q

Iproniazid

A

MAOI for depression tx

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13
Q

Tranylcypromine

A

MAOI for depression tx

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14
Q

Selegiline

A

MAOI used for Parkinson tx

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15
Q

Why can’t you use MAOIs with SSRIs?

A

BAD NEWS! SEROTONIN SYNDROME! = seizures, coma, death

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16
Q

What type of foods must you avoid if taking MAOIs?

A

Fermented foods that contain tyrosine - think red wine or aged cheese.

Why? Risk of hypertensive crisis.

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17
Q

Nemonic for 3 major MAOIs?

A 
When you're in the PITS, take MAOIs
P - phenelzine
I - iproniazid
T - tranylcypromise
S - selegiline
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18
Q

Alpha 1 agonist function?

A

increase peripheral resistance to maintain or increase blood pressure

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19
Q

Methoxamine

A

MOA: alpha 1 agonist
TX: hypotension, shock
Very limited clinical use for Shock

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20
Q

Phenylephrine
Oxymetazoline
Tetrahydrozoline
the “POT” triad

A

MOA: alpha 1 agonist
TX: nasal congestion
Use over the counter for nasal congestion, eye congestion

Rebound symptoms are common is used for over 3 days…sick. literally.

*when you smoke pot your eyes get red and runny! use POT!

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21
Q

Alpha 2 agonist function?

A

Inhibits sympathetic outflow from the CNS –> lowers blood pressure

22
Q

Clonidine

A

MOA: alpha 2 agonist
TX: hypertension, opioid withdrawal, cancer pain

23
Q

Dexmedetomidine

A

MOA: alpha 2 agonist
TX: sedation of surgical and ICU patients
ANESTHESTIC - LIKE!

24
Q

Methyldopa

A

MOA: alpha 2 agonist
TX: hypertension in Preggo Ladies

25
Q

Beta 1 agonist function?

A

stimulates heart and raises BP via renin

26
Q

Beta 2 agonist function?

A

relaxes smooth muscle and increases gluceoneogenesis

Think of bronchodilation for ASTHMA

27
Q

Isoprotenol

A

Non-selective B1 B2 agonist, meaning it can help with asthma buttt
you will also have adverse heart effects

  • increased HR, irregular respirations, etc.
28
Q

Dobutamine

A

This is the dude with the weird racemic mixture crap! Basically A1 agonist/antagonist actions cancel each other out so you’re left with:

B1 agonist behavior
TX: IV for urgent & severe heart failure

29
Q

Metaproterenol

A

MOA: B2 selective agonist

Asthma

30
Q

Terbutaline

A

MOA: B2 selective agonist

Asthma

31
Q

Albuterol

A

MOA: B2 selective agonist

Asthma

32
Q

Salmeterol

A

MOA: B2 selective agonist

Asthma

33
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

MOA: irreversibly BLOCKS a1 and a2 (antagonist)
TX: hypertension and sweating

34
Q

Prazosin
Terazosin
Doxazosin

A

MOA: a1 antagonist (blocks ‘em up)
TX: hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplaisa
Because postural hypotension is big risk, small doses given at first.

35
Q

Which has the shortest half life? Prazosin, terazosin, or doxazosin?

A

prazosin

36
Q

Tamsulosin

A

MOA: a1 antagonist
TX: benign prostatic hyperplasia

  • has specificity for genitourinary tract
37
Q

Drugs used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A

SINS!

Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin

38
Q

Yohimbine

A

MOA: a2 antagonist (binds to self receptor to increase release of neurotransmitters)
TX: Impotence/ED
Do not use with psych patients, mind altering drugs, ulcers, preggos…

“Yo, Him, get it up!”

39
Q

Nemonic for B adrenergic antagonists? Major use?

A

LOLs (the beta blockers!) for hypertension

40
Q

Propanolol

A

MOA: B1 B2 blocker
TX: hypertension
May result in decrease libido

41
Q

Serious or common side effects of beta blockers? Don’t want to use these if you have ____?

A

Bronchospasm and wheezing - so you don’t want to use these if you have asthma or heart issues!!!

42
Q

Which beta blocker would you avoid with a patient with liver issues? Why?

A

labetalol - can cause hepatotxicity/liver damage.

43
Q

Which beta blocker would you use to treat hypertension if the patient has bradycardia or limited cardiac reserve?

A

Pindolol

44
Q

What beta blocker would you use for emergency B blockage, thyroid storm? Hint: very very short half life

A

Esmolol (half life of only 3-4 minutes)

45
Q

Which drug used to treat hypertension has a high risk of postural hypotension, or hypotension following exercise?

A

Guanethidine or guandrel

46
Q

What drug would you use to assess whether the effect of a drug requires concentraion at presynaptic terminals?

A

Reserpine

47
Q

Typical type of drugs to treat depression? Name 3 specifically

A

PITS -
phenelzine
iproniazid
tranylcypromine

48
Q

What drug can be used to both treat hypertension and symptoms of opioid withdrawal?

A

Clonidine

49
Q

What drug would you use to treat hypertension in a pregnant female?

A

Methyldopa

50
Q

What beta agonist can be used to treat urgent heart failure?

A

dobutamine

51
Q

What alpha antagonist would you use to treat ED?

A

Yohimbine

52
Q

What beta blocker may cause decreased libido and sedation?

A

Propanolol

Pharmacology (22 decks)

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