Chapter 30

Question 1

Adrenergic Agonist

Answer 1

A drug that stimulates the adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system, either directly (reacting with receptor sites) or indirectly (by increasing norepinephrine levels)

AKA Sympathomimetic
* it mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 2

Alpha-agonist

Answer 2

Specifically stimulating to the alpha-receptors within the sympathetic nervous system, causing body responses seen when the alpha-receptors are stimulated

Question 3

Beta-agonist

Answer 3

specifically stimulating to the beta-receptors within the sympathetic nervous system, causing responses seen when beta receptors are stimulated

Question 4

Glycogenolysis

Answer 4

breakdown of stored glucose to increase the blood glucose levels

Question 5

Sympathomimetic

Answer 5

drug that mimics the sympathetic nervous system with signs and symptoms seen when the SNS is stimulated

*both alpha agonist & beta-agonists - stimulate all of the adrenergic receptors

Question 6

Effects of sympathomimetic drugs are

Answer 6

-Increased heart rate, increased myocardial contractility;
-bronchi dilate, respirations increase in rate and depth;
-blood vessels constrict = increase BP
-Intraocular pressure decreased

*induce fight or flight response/usually used to treat shock

Question 7

Most of the beta-specific adrenergic agonists are used to manage and treat?

Answer 7

Asthma, bronchospasm, and other obstructive pulmonary diseases

Question 8

What is the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 8

Stimulates our fight or flight response

*accelerate heart rate, widen bronchial passages, decrease motility (movement) of the large intestine, constrict blood vessels, cause pupil dilation, activate goose bumps, start sweating and raise blood pressure.

Question 9

What are the 5 adrenergic receptors?

Answer 9

-Alpha - 1 - stimulate
-Alpha - 2 - inhibit
-Beta -1 - stimulate
-Beta-2 - inhibit -
-Beta - 3

Question 10

What do the alpha-1 receptors do?

Answer 10

STIMULATE every other smooth muscle gland/organ relevant to SNS

Question 11

What do the alpha-2 receptors do?

Answer 11

INHIBIT - - pre-synaptic terminals Sympathetic neurons //STOPS response

Question 12

What do beta-1 receptors do?

Answer 12

STIMULATE - heart & juxtaglomerular cells

Question 13

What do beta-2 receptors do?

Answer 13

INHIBIT - every other smooth muscle gland/organ relevant to SNS /RELAX & OPEN UP

*airways

Question 14

Adrenergic receptor-site specificity

Answer 14

a drugs affinity for only adrenergic receptor sites; certain drugs have specific affinity for only alpha or only beta

Question 15

Alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking agents

Answer 15

drugs that block postsynaptic alpha1-receptor sites, causing a decrease in vascular tone and vasodilation that leads to a fall in blood pressure,

Do not block presynaptic alpha2 & reflex tachycardia that accompanied a fall in BP does not occur

Question 16

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents

Answer 16

Drugs that at a therapeutic levels, selectively block the beta-receptors of sympathetic nervous system

Question 17

Beta1-selective adrenergic blocking agents

Answer 17

drugs that specifically block the beta1-receptors in the sympathetic nervous system while not block the beta 2 receptors & resultant effects on the respiratory system

Question 18

Bronchodilation

Answer 18

relaxation of muscles in the bronchi, resulting in a widening of the bronchi

Question 19

Pheochromocytoma

Answer 19

A tumor of the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla that periodically releases large amounts of norepinephrine and epinephrine into the system with resultant severe hypertension and tachycardia

Question 20

Sympatholytic

Answer 20

A drug that lyses or blocks the effects of the sympathetic nervous system