chapter 3 vocabulary Flashcards
Minimal pair
Two words that defer only by a single sound in the same position and that have different meanings
Alternation
In phonology, a difference between two or more phonetic forms that one might expect to be related. In morphology, the morphological process that uses morpheme-internal modifications to make new words or morphological distinctions
Conditioning environment
Neighboring sounds of a given sound that cause it to under go a change
Phonology
The study of the sound system of a language, how the particular sounds contrasts in each language to form an integrated system for encoding information, and how such systems differ from one language to another
Phonotactic constraint
Restrictions of possible combinations of sounds often in particular environments
Sound substitution
A process where by sounds that already exist in a language are used to replace sounds that do not exist in a language when borrowing or when a speaker is trying to pronounce a foreign word
Allophone
One of a set of non contrastive realizations of the same phoneme
Phoneme
A class of speech sounds identified by a native speaker as the same sound
Noncontrastive
A term used to describe two sounds that are not used to differentiate words in a language
`Contrastive distribution
The occurrence of sounds in a language such that there use distinguishes between the meaning of the words in which they appear
Complimentary distribution
The occurrence of sounds in a language such that they are never found in the same phonetic environment
Near-minimal pair
Similar to a minimal pair but where as the words in a minimal pair are identical apart from the Contrastive sounds
Free Variation
term used to refer to two sounds that occur in over lapping environments but cause no distinction in the meaning of their respective words
Over lapping distribution
The occurrence of sounds in the same phonetic environments
phonological rules
The description of a relationship between a phoneme and its allophones
