Chapter 3 Vocab Flashcards
form of transport across the cell membrane that requires input of cellular energy
active transport
describes a molecule that exhibits a difference in polarity between its two ends, resulting in a difference in water solubility
amphipathic
third stage of mitosis (and meiosis), during which sister chromatids separate into two new nuclear regions of a dividing cell
anaphase
breakdown of cells by their own enzymatic action
autolysis
lysosomal breakdown of a cell’s own components
autophagy
life cycle of a single cell, from its birth until its division into two new daughter cells
cell cycle
membrane surrounding all animal cells, composed of a lipid bilayer interspersed with various molecules; also known as plasma membrane
cell membrane
small, self-replicating organelle that provides the origin for microtubule growth and moves DNA during cell division
centriole
region of attachment for two sister chromatids
centromere
cellular structure that organizes microtubules during cell division
centrosome
substance consisting of DNA and associated proteins
chromatin
small appendage on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for movement of materials across the cellular surface
cilia
consecutive sequence of three nucleotides on an mRNA molecule that corresponds to a specific amino acid
codon