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Anatomy > Chapter 3- Tissues > Flashcards

Chapter 3- Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are tissues

A

Groups of cells with similar structure and function

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2
Q

What are the 4 primary types of body tissue

A

. Epithelial tissue
. Connective tissue
. Muscle tissue
. Nervous tissue

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3
Q

What are the general locations of epithelial tissue

A

. They cover and line body surfaces and found in glands

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4
Q

What are the 3 characteristics of epithelial tissue

A

. Often form sheets from one free surface
. Avascular
. Regenerate easily if we’ll nourished

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5
Q

What are the 2 classifications of epithelia

A

.The number of cell layers

. Shape of cells

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6
Q

What are the 2 types of epithelia

A

. Simple

. Stratified

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7
Q

How many layers does simple epithelia have

A

One layer

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8
Q

How many layers does stratified epithelia have

A

More than one layer

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9
Q

What are the 3 shapes of epithelia

A

. Squamous
. Cuboidal
. Columnar

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10
Q

What do squamous epithelia look like

A

Flattened like fish scales

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11
Q

What do cuboidal epithelia look like

A

Cube shaped like dice

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12
Q

What do columnar epithelia look like

A

Shaped like columns

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13
Q

What are the 2 things about simple squamous epithelium

A

. Single layer of flat cells

. Functions in diffusion and filtration

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14
Q

Where are the 3 locations of simple squamous epithelium

A

. Air sacs of lungs
. Walls of capillaries
. Organs in ventral cavity

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15
Q

What are the 2 things about simple cuboidal epithelium

A

. Single layer of cube like cells

. Functions in secretion and absorption

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16
Q

Where are the 3 locations of simple cuboidal epithelium

A

. Glands
. Kidneys
. Ovaries

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17
Q

What are the 2 things about simple columnar epithelium

A

. Single layer of tall cells

. Functions in secretion and absorption

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18
Q

Where are the 2 locations of simple columnar epithelium

A

. Lining of digestive tract

. Lining body cavities opening to the exterior

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19
Q

What do goblet cells do

A

Secrete mucus

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20
Q

What are the 2 things about pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

. All cells rest on a basement membrane

. Single layer but some cells are shorter than others

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21
Q

What are the functions of pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Absorption and secretion

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22
Q

Where is the location of pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Respiratory tract where it is ciliated

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23
Q

What are the 2 things about stratified squamous epithelium

A

. Most common stratified epithelium

. Named for cells present at the free surface

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24
Q

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium

A

Serves as a protective covering where friction is common

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25
What are the 3 locations of stratified squamous epithelium
. Lining of the skin, mouth and esophagus
26
What is transitional epithelium composed of
Modified stratified squamous epithelium
27
What does the shape of transitional epithelium cells depend on
The amount of stretching
28
What are the 2 functions of transitional epithelium tissue
. Stretching | . Ability to return to normal shape
29
Where are the locations of transitional epithelium tissue
Lining of urinary system organs
30
What are the 2 major gland types that develop from epithelial sheets
. Endocrine | . Exocrine
31
What are the 2 things about endocrine glands
. Ductless | . Secretions diffuse into blood vessels
32
What do exocrine glands do
. Secretions empty through ducts to the epithelial surface
33
What are the 4 characteristics of connective tissue
. Found everywhere in the body to connect body parts . Most abundant and widely distributed . Variations in blood supply . Extracellular matrix
34
What are the 2 variations in blood supply in connective tissue
. Vascularized | . Avascular
35
What is extracellular matrix
Nonliving material that surrounds living cells
36
What’s are the 3 types of fibers in extracellular matrix
. Collagen . Reticular . Elastic
37
What is areolar connective tissue
. Soft, pliable tissue like cobwebs
38
What are the 2 functions of areolar connective tissue
. Packing tissue to hold organs | . Soaks up excess fluid
39
Where can you find areolar connective tissue
Tissue called lamina Propria underlies all membranes
40
What is adipose connective tissue
An areolar tissue in which adipose (fat) cells dominate
41
What are the 3 functions of adipose connective tissue
. Insulates the body . Protects some organs . Serves as a site of fuel storage
42
What are the 3 locations of adipose connective tissue
. Subcutaneous tissue beneath the skin . Protects organs . Fat deposits
43
What is reticular connective tissue
Delicate network of interwoven fibers with reticular cells
44
What is the function of reticular connective tissue
. To form the stroma (internal framework) of organs
45
What are the 3 locations of reticular connective tissue
. Lymph nodes . Spleen . Bone marrow
46
What are the 2 things about dense regular connective tissue
. Main matrix element is collagen fiber | . Fibroblasts are cells that make fibers
47
What are the 3 functions of dense regular connective tissue
. Withstand great tensile strength . Attach muscle to bone . Attach bone to bone
48
Where are the 2 locations of dense regular connective tissue
. Tendons | . Ligaments
49
What are the 2 things about vascular tissue
. Blood cells surrounded by fluid matrix known as blood plasma . Soluble fibers are visible only during clotting
50
What is the function of vascular tissue
Transport for the cardiovascular system
51
What is the 2 locations for vascular tissue
. Blood vessels | . Heart
52
What are the 3 things osseous tissue is composed of
. Osteocytes . Hard matrix of calcium salts . Large numbers of collagen fibers
53
What are the functions of osseous tissue
To protect and support the body
54
What is the location of osseous tissue
In bone
55
Cartilage is what
Less hard and more flexible than bone
56
What is the major cell type in cartilage
Chondrocyte
57
What are the 3 types of cartilage
. Hyaline Cartilage . Fibrocartilage . Elastic cartilage
58
What is the most wide spread type of cartilage
Hyaline cartilage
59
What is hyaline cartilage
Abundant collagen fibers hidden by a glassy, rubbery matrix
60
What are the 3 functions of hyaline cartilage
. Support and reinforce . Cushioning . Resists compression
61
What are the 5 location if hyaline cartilage
``` . Trachea . Ribs . Ends of long bones . Entire fetal skeleton before birth . Epiphyseal plate ```
62
What is the function of elastic cartilage
Provides elasticity
63
Where is the location of elastic cartilage
The external ear
64
What is the function of fibrocartilage
Highly compressible
65
Where is the location of fibrocartilage
Discs between vertebrae of spinal column
66
What is the function of muscle tissue
Produce movement
67
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue
. Skeletal . Cardiac . Smooth
68
Where is skeletal muscle tissue located
Muscle attached to bone
69
What is the 3 functions of skeletal muscle tissue
. Contracts to pull on bones or skin . Voluntary controlled . Produces gross body movements
70
What are the 3 characteristics of skeletal muscle tissue
. Striations . Multinucleate . Long cylindrical shape
71
What does cardiac muscle tissue do
Pump blood through blood vessels
72
Where is the location of cardiac muscle
Found only in the heart
73
Is cardiac muscle tissue involuntary or voluntary
Involuntary
74
What are the 4 characteristics of cardiac muscle tissue
. Striations . One nucleus per cell . Short branching cells . Intercalated discs contain gap junctions to connect cells
75
What is the function of smooth muscle tissue
Peristalsis, a wavelike activity to move substances along internal passageways
76
Where are the locations of smooth muscle tissue
Found in walls of hollow organs such as stomach, uterus, and blood vessels
77
What are the 3 characteristics of smooth muscles cells
. No visible Striations . One nucleus per cell . Spindle shaped cells
78
What is nervous tissue made of
Neurons and nerve support cells
79
What are the 3 things support cells called neuralgia do
. Insulate . Protect . Support neurons
80
What is the function of nervous tissue
To receive and conduct electrochemical impulses to and from body parts
81
What are the 2 types of functions nervous tissue called
. Irritability | . Conductivity
82
What are the 3 locations of nervous tissue
. Brain . Spinal cord . Nerves

Anatomy (7 decks)

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