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Learn to Read Ancient Greek Andrew Keller & Stephanie Russell > Chapter 3 The Finite Greek Verb > Flashcards

Chapter 3 The Finite Greek Verb Flashcards

1
Q

Properties of the finite verb

A
  1. Person
  2. Number
  3. Tense
  4. Voice
  5. Mood
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2
Q

Voices of the verb

A
  1. active - subject is performing
  2. passive - subject is receiving
  3. middle - subject is performing with reference to itself
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3
Q

Moods

A
  1. indicative - factual
  2. imperative - command
  3. subjunctive - exhortation or deliberative question
  4. optative - wished for (If only the cat would not scratch the furniture) or possible action (That cat might scratch you.)
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4
Q

What does a tense always indicate and what does it often indicate

A

Always aspect, often time

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5
Q

Tenses of the indicative mood

A
  1. Present: present time simple/progressive/repeated aspect
  2. Imperfect: past time progressive/repeated aspect
  3. Future: future time simple/progressive/repeated aspect
  4. Aorist: past time simple aspect
  5. Perfect: present time completed aspect
  6. Pluperfect: past time completed aspect
  7. Future perfect: future time completed aspect
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6
Q

Aspects

A
  1. Simple – simply occurring once
  2. Progressive - being in progress
  3. Repeated - repeated or habitual
  4. Completed - already completed (has, had, will have)
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7
Q

Primary tenses in time

A
  1. present

2. future

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8
Q

Secondary tenses in time

A
  1. past
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9
Q

Primary tenses

A
  1. present
  2. future
  3. perfect
  4. future perfect
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10
Q

Secondary tenses

A
  1. imperfect
  2. aorist
  3. pluperfect
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11
Q

Finite verb

A

Defined or limited by person, number, tense, voice and mood.

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12
Q

Person property

A

1st person: subject is the speaker (I, we)
2nd person: subject is the person addressed (you, you pl.)
3rd person: subject is person/thing spoken about (he, she, it, they or any specific noun)

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13
Q

Number property

A

Singular: subject is one
Plural: subject is more than one
Dual: subject is two

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14
Q

Time: Present Aspect: Simple

A

Tense: Present

I say We say
You say You say
he says they say

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15
Q

Time: Present Aspect: Progressive

A

Tense: Present

I am saying We are saying
You are saying You are saying
He is saying They are saying

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16
Q

Time: Present Aspect: Repeated

A

Tense: Present

I say (every day) We say (every day)
You say (every day) You say (every day)
He says (every day) They say (every day)
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17
Q

Time: Present Aspect: Completed

A

Tense: Perfect

I have said We have said
You have said You have said
He has said They have said

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18
Q

Time: Past Aspect: Simple

A

Tense: Aorist

I said We said
You said You said
He said They said

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19
Q

Time: Past Aspect: Progressive

A

Tense: Imperfect

I was saying We were saying
You were saying You were saying
He was saying They were saying

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20
Q

Time: Past Aspect: Repeated

A

Tense: Imperfect

I said (every day) We said (every day)
You said (every day) You said (every day)
He said (every day) They said (every day)

I used to say We used to say
You used to say You used to say
He used to say They used to say

21
Q

Time: Past Aspect: Completed

A

Tense: Pluperfect

I had said We had said
You had said You had said
He had said They had said

22
Q

Time: Future Aspect: Simple

A

Tense: Future

I will say We will say
You will say You will say
He will say They will say

23
Q

Time: Future Aspect: Progressive

A

Tense: Future

I will be saying We will be saying
You will be saying You will be saying
He will be saying You will be saying

24
Q

Time: Future Aspect: Repeated

A

Tense: Future

I will say (every day) We will say (every day)
You will say (every day) You will say (every day)
He will say (every day) They will say (every day)

25
Q

Time: Future Aspect: Completed

A

Tense: Future perfect

I will have said We will have said
You will have said You will have said
He will have said They will have said

26
Q

Present tense

A

Present time with simple/progressive/repeated aspect

27
Q

Imperfect tense

A

Past time with progressive/repeated aspect

28
Q

Future tense

A

Future time with simple/progressive/repeated aspect

29
Q

Aorist tense

A

Past time with simple aspect.

30
Q

Perfect tense

A

Present time with completed aspect.

31
Q

Pluperfect tense

A

Past time with completed aspect.

32
Q

Future perfect tense

A

Future time with completed aspect. (rare)

33
Q

I say We say
You say You say
he says they say

A

Tense: Present

Time: Present
Aspect: Simple

34
Q

I am saying We are saying
You are saying You are saying
He is saying They are saying

A

Tense: Present

Time: Present
Aspect: Progressive

35
Q 
I say (every day) We say (every day)
You say (every day) You say (every day)
He says (every day) They say (every day)
A

Tense: Present

Time: Present
Aspect: Repeated

36
Q

I have said We have said
You have said You have said
He has said They have said

A

Tense: Perfect

Time: Present
Aspect: Completed

37
Q

I said We said
You said You said
He said They said

A

Tense: Aorist

Time: Past
Aspect: Simple

38
Q

I was saying We were saying
You were saying You were saying
He was saying They were saying

A

Tense: Imperfect

Time: Past
Aspect: Progressive

39
Q

I used to say We used to say
You used to say You used to say
He used to say They used to say

A

Tense: Imperfect

Time: Past
Aspect: Repeated

40
Q 
I said (every day) We said (every day)
You said (every day) You said (every day)
He said (every day) They said (every day)
A

Tense: Imperfect

Time: Past
Aspect: Repeated

41
Q

I had said We had said
You had said You had said
He had said They had said

A

Tense: Pluperfect

Time: Past
Aspect: Completed

42
Q

I will say We will say
You will say You will say
He will say They will say

A

Tense: Future

Time: Future
Aspect: Simple

43
Q

I will be saying We will be saying
You will be saying You will be saying
He will be saying You will be saying

A

Tense: Future

Time: Future
Aspect: Progressive

44
Q

I will say (every day) We will say (every day)
You will say (every day) You will say (every day)
He will say (every day) They will say (every day)

A

Tense: Future

Time: Future
Aspect: Repeated

45
Q

I will have said We will have said
You will have said You will have said
He will have said They will have said

A

Tense: Future perfect

Time: Future
Aspect: Completed

46
Q

Verb principal parts

A
  1. 1st person singular present active indicative “I stop”, “I am stopping”
  2. 1st person singular future active indicative “I shall stop”, “I will stop”
  3. 1st person singular aorist active indicative “I stopped”
  4. 1st person singular perfect active indicative “I have stopped” (transitive)
  5. 1st person singular perfect middle/passive indicative “I have stopped” (intransitive), “I have been stopped”
  6. 1st person singular aorist passive indicative “I was stopped”
47
Q

A transitive verb is

A

a verb whose action is performed on a direct object, expressed or implied

48
Q

An intransitive verb is

A

a verb whose action is NOT performed on a direct object

Learn to Read Ancient Greek Andrew Keller & Stephanie Russell (24 decks)

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