chapter 3 test Flashcards
what are the 4 basic tissues
epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue
what kind of tissue is located all over the body, lines the surfaces of internal organs,and the outer surface of the skin
epithelial tissue
what kind of tissue has large amounts of extra cellular matrix. and supports, connects, stores, and protects
connective tissue
what kind of tissue contracts, and is found in counciouns movement areas
muscle tissue
what kind of tissue carries nerve impulses all over the body
nerve tissue
describe simple squamous epithelium
one layer of flat cells, it’s found in the aveoli and the capillaries
describe simple cuboidal epithelium
one layer of cube shaped cells, they fuction as secretions,
what does the thyroid gland do
secretes thyroxine
what do the salivary glands do
secrete saliva
what is the space between simple cuboidal called and what kind of membrane does it have
lumen and a basement membrane
what kind of tissue has one layer of columnar shaped cells, and where are they found?
simple columnar epithelial, it’s found in the lining of the stomach and the lining of the small intestine. They’re function is to absorb and secrete in the small intestine
what do goblet cells do
produce mucus
what kind of nuclei r found in simple columnar
basal
what kind of tissue has one layer of columnar cells, with cilia, and where is it found
ciliated simple columnar, it’s found in the pharynx and naval cavity
describe the stratified squamous
many layers of cells, surface cells are flat and lower cells are rounded,the lower layer undergoes mitosis
where is the stratified squamous found and what is it’s function
epidermis, a barrier to pathogens
what kind of tissue has many layers of cells and is found in the lining of the urinary bladder
transitional epithelial
what does matrix mean
the stuff around it
what are the seven types of muscle tissues and their definitions
blood- within the blood cells
areolar- connects skin to muscle
adipose- stores excess energy
fibrous- tendons and ligaments
elastic- walls of large arteries, maintains BP
bones-bones
cartilage-tip of nose and ear, absorb shock
what are the 3 types of muscle tissue and are they voluntary or involuntary/ strained or not strained
smooth muscle-involuntary/non strained
cardiac muscle- involuntary/ strained
skeletal- voluntary/strained
describe smooth muscle
found in artery walls, maintains BP,found in stomach intestines, peristalsis
describe cardiac muscle
found only in the heart
describe skeletal muscle
moves the skeleton and produces heat
label a neuron diagram
what are th parts
what are the 2 major categories of membranes
epithelial and connective tissue
what kind of membrane is a thin sheet that anchors the epithelium to underlying connective tissue. it’s visible with a light microscope
the basement membrane
what are the 2 types of epithelial membrane
serous membranes and mucous membranes
what is a serous membrane
Sheets of simple squamous epithelium that line some closed body cavities and cover the organs in these cavities
what is a mucous membrane
They line the body tracts that have openings to the environment ( these are the respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive
what do glands do
secrete substances
what is the endocrine gland
a ductless gland that secretes its substances within hormones
what are 2 examples of an endocrine gland
pituitary gland and thyroid gland
what is the gland that secrets it’s substances to be taken to a surface, they have ducts
exocrine gland
what do unicellular glands produce
goblet cells
which membranes line closed body cavities, and are made of squamous epithelium
serous membranes
what are the 3 layers of the skin
epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous
what is the base of the epidermis and what takes place here
stratum basale, mitosis
what is the outermost layer of the epidermis and what is it made of
stratum corneum, dews skin cells
what is the protein that prevents the entry of water
keratin
what is the protein that protects the skin from UV rays
melanin
which layer of the skin contains areolar tissue, and nerves
dermis
what is the gland that produces sebum and where is it found
sebaceous, it’s found in the hypodermis
what are sweat glands called
sudoriferous
what are the 2 types of sweat glands
eccrine and apocrine
where are apocrine glands found
genitalia and stress situations
where are eccrine glands found
forehead, upper lip, face
how much of the body does the integumentary system account for
16%
where is hair located
the dermis
what are the 6 functions of the skin
protection excretion maintenance formation storage detection
what are the 5 layers of the epidermis
stratum corneum stratum lucidum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum basale
what protein contains iron and helps transport oxygen
hemoglobin
what is hypoxia
oxygen deficiency
what supplies blood to the layers of the skin
arteries
what is the lack of circulation that destroys epidermis cells
necrosis
what is the loss of pigment called
vitiligo
what are strong bendable fibers called
collagen fibers
what are the fibers that stretch and recoil call
elastic fibers
what is the sac where hair fibers grow called
hair follicle
what is the muscle that forces the hair to stand called
arrector pili
what are lipocytes and where r they found
hypodermis, fat cells
what anchors the root into the skin
hair root
what is the portion of hair we see
hair shaft
what r the 2 types of hair
vellus-peach fuzz
terminal-hair on body
what is the white crescent of the nail called
lunula
what are the types of skin cancer
basal cell carcinoma-most common
squamous cell carcinoma
malignant melanoma- most severe
what type of cancer does sunlight cause
basal cell
what type of cancer forms a lump on the surface
squamous cell
what type of cancer starts out as a mole
malignant
