Chapter 3: Stoichiometry Flashcards
Actual Yield
The amount of a product actually obtained in a reaction.
Atomic mass
The mass of an atom in atomic mass units (amu).
Atomic Mass Unit
A mass exactly equal to 1/12th the mass of one C-12 atom.
Avogadro’s Number
6.022E23, the number of particles in a mole.
Chemical Equation
An equation that uses chemical symbols to show what happens during a chemical reaction.
Chemical Reaction
A process in which a substance (or substances) is changed into one or more new substances.
Excess reagent
One ore more reactants present in quantities greater than necessary to react with the quantity of the limiting reagent.
Limiting Reagent
The reactant used up first in a reaction.
Molar Mass (M)
The mass (in grams or kilograms) of one mole of atoms, molecules, or other particles.
Mole (mol)
The amount of substance that contains as many atoms, molecules, or other particles as there are atoms in 12 g of C-12. (6.022E23)
Mole Method
An approach for determining the amount of product formed in a reaction.
Molecular Mass
The sum of the attic masses (in amu) present in the molecule.
Percent Composition by mass
The % by mass of each element in a compound.
Percent Yield
The ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield, multiplied by 100%
Product
The substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction.
Reactant
The starting substance in a chemical reaction.
Stoichiometric Amount
The exact molar amounts of reactants and products that appear in the balanced chemical equation.
Stoichiometry
The quantitative study of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
Theoretical Yield
The amount of product predicted by the balanced equation when all of the limiting reagent has reacted.
% Yield
The ratio of actual yield to theoretical yield, multiplied by 100%
