Chapter 3 Soil and Mass Movements

Question 1

What is Soil? Whats the technical term?

Answer 1

Part of a regolith that supports growth of plants

Regolith

Question 2

What is the Soil Composition?

Answer 2

4 major components: mineral rocks, decayed organisms, water, and air

Question 3

What is the percentage of soil composition?

Answer 3

25% air
25% water
45% mineral matter
5% organic matter

Question 4

What erodes soil?

Answer 4

Water

Question 5

What is Rates of Erosion?

Answer 5

Certain activities that erode soil faster such as human activities of removing vegetation

Question 6

What is Sediment Deposition?

Answer 6

Reservoirs fills with sediment

Question 7

How does Sediment Deposition work?

Answer 7

Reservoirs fills with sediment

Sediments contaminated by pesticides and fertilizers

Question 8

What is the act of Controlling Erosion?

Answer 8

Planting trees to make windbreaks
Terracing hillsides
Plowing along the contours of hills
Rotating crops

Question 9

What are some Mass Movements?

Answer 9

Mudflows and Earthflows

Question 10

What are Flows?

Answer 10

Mass movements of material containing large water

Question 11

What are Mudflows?

Answer 11

Mix of soil, rock, and water. Consistency of wet concrete

Question 12

What are Earthflows?

Answer 12

clay-rich sediment moving slowly.

Question 13

What is Creep?

Answer 13

A slow downhill movement of soil and regolith

Question 14

What is Mass Movement?

Answer 14

Transfer of rock and soil down from gravity.

Question 15

What are Rockfalls?

Answer 15

Rocks or rock fragments fall freely in air

Question 16

What causes Slides? What is its Rockslide variation?

Answer 16

Blocks of material moving suddenly in flat inclined surface

Segments of bedrock going down is a rockslide

Question 17

What are Slumps?

Answer 17

Downward movement block of material along curved surface