Chapter 3 Selecting and defining Target Behaviour Flashcards
To figure out what the client’s problem is and how to change it for the better.
A variety of methods including direct observations, interviews, checklists, and tests to identify and define targets for behavior change.
Behavioral assessment
(a) screening and general disposition,
(b) defining and generally quantifying problems or desired achievement criteria,
(c) pinpointing the target behavior(s) to be treated,
(d) monitoring progress, and
(e) following up.
Five phases or functions of behavioral assessment:
The specific behavior selected for change.
Target behavior
Four major methods for obtaining assessment information are:
a) interviews,
b) checklists,
c) tests, and
d) direct observation
__________ and _________ are indirect assessment approaches because the data obtained from these measures are derived from recollections, reconstructions, or subjective ratings of events.
Interviews and checklists
_________ and ___________ are considered direct assessment approaches because they provide information about a person’s behavior as it occurs
Tests and Direct Observation
Assessment ____________ can be conducted with the target person and/or with people who come into daily or regular contact with the individual.
Interviews
First and important step in identifying a list of potential target behaviors,
behavioral interview
provides descriptions of specific behaviors (usually in hierarchical order) and the conditions under which each behavior should occur.
behavior checklist
_________ are most useful as behavioral assessment devices when they provide a direct measure of the person’s performance of the behaviors of interest.
Tests
__________ and _________ _________ of the client’s behavior in the natural environment are the preferred method for determining which behaviors to target for change.
Direct and repeated observation
Anecdotal observation, or ABC recording is _______ _________.
Direct Observation
a great deal of information is gathered about the person and the various environments in which that person lives and works.
ecological assessment
the effects of an assessment procedure on the behavior being assessed.
Reactivity
Reactivity is most likely when observation is _________—that is, the person being observed is aware of the observer’s presence and purpose
obtrusive
In selecting _______ _______, practitioners should consider whose behavior is being assessed—and changed—and why.
target behaviors
the degree to which the person’s repertoire maximizes short and long term reinforcers for that individual and for others, and minimizes short and long term punishers
Habilitation
a target behavior should be selected only when it can be determined that the behavior is likely to produce reinforcement in the person’s natural environment.
Relevance of behavior rule
a behavior that has consequences beyond the change itself, some of which may be considered important.
Behaviors that open person world to new contingencies, stimuli, and consequences:
Crawling, reading
behavioral cusp
a behavior that, once learned, produces corresponding modifications or covariations in other adaptive untrained behaviors.
pivotal behavior
the use of progressively more typical environments, expectations, and procedures “to establish and/or maintain personal behaviors which are as culturally normal as possible
normalization
They stated that behavior might be a cusp if it meets one or more of five criteria
(a) access to new reinforcers, contingencies, and environments;
(b) social validity;
(c) generativeness;
(d) competition with inappropriate responses; and
(e) number and the relative importance of people affected
Two Types of Target Behavior Definitions
Function-Based Definitions
Topography-Based Definitions
designates responses as members of the targeted response class solely by their common effect on the environment.
Function-Based Definitions
Identifies instances of the target behavior by the shape or form of the behavior.
Topography-Based Definitions
