Chapter 24 Functional Behaviour Assessment Flashcards
__________ ________ ___________ enables hypotheses about the relations among specific types of environmental events and behaviors.
Functional behavior assessment (FBA)
Behaviors can be strengthened by either “________ _________” or “_______ ___ __ __________.”
Getting something or getting out of something
FBA interventions can consist of at least three strategic approaches:
Altering antecedent variables,
Altering consequent variables, and
Teaching alternative behaviors.
_________ ______ ________ can identify antecedent variables that can be altered to prevent problem behavior
Altering antecedent variables,
_________ ______ ________ can identify reinforcement contingencies that can be altered so that problem behavior no longer receives reinforcement,
Altering consequent variable
_________ ______ ________ can help identify reinforcers for alternative replacement behaviors.
Teaching alternative behaviors.
FBA can decrease reliance on _______ ____________ and contribute to more effective interventions in several ways
Default technologies
Caregivers might resort to increasingly intrusive, coercive, or punishment-based interventions, which are often referred to as
Default technologies
FBA methods can be classified into three types:
(a) functional (experimental) analysis,
(b) descriptive assessment, and
(c) indirect assessment.
___________ ___________is the only FBA method that allows practitioners to confirm hypotheses regarding functional relations between problem behavior and environmental events.
Functional analysis
Functional analysis involves :
Systematically manipulating environmental events thought to maintain problem behavior within an experimental design.
The primary advantage of functional analysis is its:
Ability to yield a clear demonstration of the variable(s) that relate to the occurrence of a problem behavior.
in an functional analysis graph, If problem behavior occurs frequently in all conditions (including the play condition), or is variable across conditions, responding is considered ____________
Undifferentiated
Descriptive functional behavior assessment encompasses
Direct observation of behavior;
Three variations of descriptive analysis:
ABC (antecedent- behavior-consequence) continuous recording,
ABC narrative recording, and
Scatterplots.
An observer records occurrences of the targeted problem behaviors and selected environmental events in the natural routine during a period of time.
ABC Continuous Recording
A __________ ___________is the likelihood that a target problem behavior will occur in a given circumstance.
conditional probability
in ABC narrative recording,
(a) data are collected only when behaviors of interest are oberved, and
(b) the recording is open-ended
ABC narrative recording may be less ____-_______
time-consuming
In, ___ _________ _________, the targeted environmental events (antecedents and consequences) are recorded “whenever they occur”, regardless of whether problem behavior occurred with it.
ABC continuous recording,
In, ___ _________ _________, data are recorded “only when the target behavior occurs”.
ABC narrative recording
A procedure for recording the extent to which a target behavior occurs more often at particular times than others
Scatterplots
Method that uses: structured interviews, checklists, rating scales, or questionnaires to obtain information from persons who are familiar with the individual exhibiting the problem behavior (e.g., teachers, parents, caregivers, and/or the individual him- or herself) to identify possible conditions or events in the natural environment that correlate with the problem behavior.
Indirect functional assessment methods
procedures are referred to as “________ _______ ________ ________” because they do not involve direct observation of the behavior, but rather solicit information based on others’ recollections of the behavior.
Indirect Functional Behavior Assessment
FBA can best be viewed as a four-step process:
- Gather information via indirect and descriptive assessment.
- Interpret information from indirect and descriptive assessment and formulate hypotheses about the purpose of problem behavior.
- Test hypotheses using functional analysis.
- Develop intervention options based on the function of problem behavior.
Hypothesis statements should be written in ___ _______.
ABC format.
The FBA hypothesis statement should state
The antecedent(s) hypothesized to trigger the problem behavior, The topography of problem behavior, and The maintaining consequence.
To test all possible hypotheses within a short period of time is to use a ______ __________ ________ procedure.
Brief functional analysis
When teaching an alternative behavior as a replacement for problem behavior, the replacement behavior should be _____________ __________ to the problem behavior (i.e., it should be reinforced using the same reinforcers that pre- viously maintained the problem behavior).
functionally equivalent
__________ is an ongoing practice that continues when intervention is implemented.
Assessment
