Chapter 3 pt. 2 Flashcards
the biotic and abiotic component of an ecosystem are related by the process of _______
energy
happens in a food web when things eat other
energy-flow
energy-flow is ____-way
one
material flow is _______
matter
material flow happens in a ______
cycle
material flow is ____________
multidirectional
Organisms use _______ to transform and organize ________
energy
matter
the ability or capacity to do work
energy
What are the different forms in which energy is formed?
- Chemical
- Thermal
- Mechanical
- Nuclear
- Electrical
- Radiant/Solar
How is energy stored chemically?
As bonds
How is energy stored thermally?
As heat
How is energy stored mechanically?
As motion
How is energy stored nuclearly?
In atomic nuclei
How is energy stored electrically?
As charged particles
How is energy stored radiantly/solarly?
From the sun (includes light, UV, and IR radiation)
Energy exists as what two forms of energy?
- Potential Energy
2. Kinetic Energy
Living organisms all require ______ to survive
energy
The _____ is source of most energy on Earth (radiation, also called solar)
sun
Radiant energy is used by __________ (i.e. plants) to synthesize sugars
producers
Plants perform ___________ to gain food.
photosynthesis
A biological process by which energy from the sun (radiant energy) is used to transform CO2 into chemical energy of sugar molecules
photosynthesis
Photosynthesis uses ________ _________ and _______
carbon dioxide
water
Photosynthesis makes ________ (organic molecules) and ________
sugars
oxygen
Energy flows in one direction through an __________
ecosystem
______ flows in one direction through an ecosystem
Energy
the process where the chemical energy captured in photosynthesis is released within cells of all living things to get energy
cellular respiration
Every living creature on Earth uses _________ ___________
cellular respiration
cellular respiration uses ________ and ________ ___________ (such as sugars)
oxygen
organic molecules
cellular respiration makes _________ _________, _______, and _______
carbon dioxide
water
energy
This energy (resulting from cellular respiration), ____, is then used for biological work
ATP
oxygen+ _______= carbon dioxide+ _______+ energy
sugar
water
_______+ sugar= ______ ________+ water+ _______
oxygen
carbon dioxide
energy
the cells of plants and animals get energy from _____
food
cells are like a _____ version of gas burning in your car to make it go
small
