Chapter 3 - Perceiving Ourselves and Others in Organizations Flashcards
What are the three traits of Self-Concept?
- Complexity: defines as the number of identities an individual has and the speration between those identities
- Consistency: the degree to which a person’s identities require similar personal attributes
- Clarity: the degree to which a person’s self-concept is clear, confidently defined, and stable
What are the 4 variables that impact Self-Concept
- Social self
- Self-enhancement
- Self-evaluation
- Self-verification
Does self-concept complexity protect our self-esteem when some roles are threatened or damaged?
Yes by reducing our self-esteem reliance on that one role due to all of our other roles in life
What is self-enhancement?
A person’s inherent motivation to have a positive self-concept and to have others perceive them favourably
What is self-verification?
A person’s inherent motivation to confirm and maintain their existing self-concept
What three elements define Self-evaluation?
- Self-Esteem
- Self-Efficacy: a person’s belief that they have whats necessary to complete a task successfully
- Locus of Control: a person’s general belief about the amount of control they have over personal life events
What two contradicting motivations influence how people view themselves?
The motivation to be distinct and different
and
The motivation to be included and assimilated with others
What is social identity theory?
A theory stating that people define themselves by the groups to which they belong or have an emotional attachment to
What is confirmation bias?
The process of screening out information that is contrary to our values and assumptions, and to more readily accept confirming information
What is categorical thinking?
Organizing people and objects into preconceived categories that are stored in our long-term memory
What are mental models?
Knowledge structures that we develop to describe, explain, and predict the world around us
What 3 factors form the foundation of stereotyping?
- Categorization (put people in groups)
- Homogenization (assume people in groups are very similar or the same)
- Differentiation (assigning traits to outside groups for the sake of differentiating our own social identity)
What is the attribution process?
The perceptual process of deciding whether an observed behavior or event is caused largely by internal or external factors
What is the self-serving bias?
The tendency to attribute our favorable outcomes to internal factors and our failures to external factors
What is the fundamental attribution error?
The tendency to see the person rather than the situation as the main cause of that person’s behaviour
