Chapter 3 - Part 2 Flashcards
_______ are adaptive universal motivational systems that respond to social stimuli
emotions
_________ determines content
culture
__________ - is non-specific increase in physiological activity and has a negative subject experience; is an adaptive response to stress
anxiety
when the stimulus is present and the person’s response is present, it is called a
hit
when the stimulus is present and the person’s response is absent, it is called a
miss
when the stimulus is absent and the person’s response is present, it is called a
false alarm
when the stimulus is absent and the person’s response is absent, it is called a
correct rejection
___________: principle that states low threshold for fear response due to assymmetry of costs associated with perceptual errors (false negatives > false positives)
smoke-detector principle
Women experience more intense anxiety because of the unique fear of
rape
fear ______ stimuli are attened to more quickly than fear _______ stimuli
negative; neutral
In the Marathons, Mogg, & Bradley study, _____ faces were more easily identified when appearing second compared to positive or neutral faces
angry
________ - hypothesis thta states disgust is a motivational system designed to expel disease conduits from mouth or stomach
Disease-Avoidance Hypothesis
Three things disgust sensitivity predicts
- increases following contamination
- predicts likelihood of future infection
- predicts sexual behaviour in women
three factors of disgust
pathogen; moral; and sexual
_______ more sensistive to disgust than ______; small effect for pathogen and moral; large effect for sexual
women; men
________ : responses to others who need help: sympathy & compassion motivate prosocial behaviour
harm-related emotions
______ : responses that signal approval of other’s behaviour - graditude, respect, awe
other-praising emotions
________ : responses to our own violations of social norms or moral codes - guilt, shame, embarrassment motivate us to make amends; observers had a more positive opinion of a confederate who expressed embarrasment after knocking something over
self-critical emotions
__________ : responses to other people’s violations of moral codes
other condemning emotions
__________ - simultaneous deterioration of all biological systems due to old age
senescence
_______ suicide mostly affects women, _____ suicide mostly affects men
para; actual
Suicidal ideation is ______ correlated with being a burden & ______ correlated with reproduction
positively, negatively
____________ - theory that states “take bigger risks when goals are unlikely to be achieved through low-risk means”
risk sensitivity theory
Idea that responses to disease are sometimes confused with disease; explusion, fever, iron-depletion is the body removing the disease; treating/blocking a defense can be deterimental
Darwinian Medicine
Theory that suggests humans have specialized adaptations for navigating vertical spaces; descending from heights is more hazardous and results in more frequent falls than ascending
evolved navigation theory
idea that people perceive vertical distances as greater when viewing from the top then the bottom
descent illusion
theory that purposes when errors under uncertaintiy have assymetrical costs, adatpive biases develop to favour less costly errors
error management theory
