Chapter 3 - Part 1

Question 1

______ - fear of trying new foods

Answer 1

neophobia

Question 2

Hypothesis that states that pregancy sickness might be an adaptive reaction to toxins present in food

Answer 2

Embryo Protection Hypothesis

Question 3

Hypothesis that states that humans prefer fruit because of the sugar and ethanol content of ripe fruit in the ancestory times

Answer 3

Frugivory Byproduct hypothesis

Question 4

Hypothesis that states that use of spices to kill micro-organisms and inhibit cell division was an adaptive trait

Answer 4

Antimicrobial Hypothesis

Question 5

Hypothesis that states that bigger brains require more energy and can only evolve with corresponding reductions in other costly organs

• inverse relationship between brainsize and git length

Answer 5

Expensive-Tissue hypothesis

Question 6

Hypothesis that states that addition of large game hunting was an important antecedent for human evoliton

• explains male coalitions; recriplocal altrusism; sexual division of labour; paternal investment in offspring; penetration into lenvirnments lacking botanicals

Answer 6

hunting hypothesis

Question 7

Hypothesis that states that gaterhing was the primary impetus for emergence of modern humans
- stone tool use for gathering occured first, tool use for hunting came later

Answer 7

Gathering Hypothesis

Question 8

Hypothesis that states that hunting supplements food for family; meat has concetrated calories that are easily transported; human males invest heavily in offspring; division of labour two exploit two food sources

Answer 8

Provisioning hypothesis

Question 9

Hypothesis that states that hunting enhances social status in the group
- meat comes in large packets that spoil
- hunting success is variable
- males share meat with others
- receive meat from other hunters in future
receive sexual favours from women

Answer 9

show-off hypothesis

Question 10

Women should outpreform men on ______ and _____ tasks

Answer 10

object memory; factual knowledge of plants

Question 11

Men should outpreform women on _______ and ______ tasks

Answer 11

mental rotation; navigation

Question 12

Women more likely to navigate using _________; men tend to navigate using _________ directions

Answer 12

Landmarks; Euclidian

Question 13

Theory that suggests sex differences result from gender roles and socialization; predicts sex diferences will be smallest in more egalitarian countries

Answer 13

Social Role Theory

Question 14

Hypothesis that states that humans have an emotional response to habitats that offer success in survival and reproduction

Answer 14

Savanna Hypothesis

Question 15

Three stage process of habitat selection

Answer 15

1. selection (exlpore or leave)
2. information (resources & dangers)
3. Exploitation (decide when to move on)