chapter 3 notes Flashcards
clearly stating learning ____ and _____ plays a key role in the instructional and assessment process
goals and objectives
learning goals serve as guides as to _____ will be taught and ____ it will be taught, and whether the material has been _______
what
how
mastered
__________ should influence the emphasis given to different topics within a content area and the assessments developed by teachers as well as those developed by states and districts
content standards
_________ goals and objectives are sometimes stated in terms of actions to be taken
instructional
Demonstrate how to use a microscope is an example of an
instructional goal
Instructional goals and objectives work best when they do what?
describe in terms of observable behaviors, what the student is expected to learn (terms of action)
this model of behaviorally stated goals results in the child _______ or ______ products that indicate learning
producing
demonstrating
we are concerned with the ______ of learning rather than the ________ of learning
product
process
there has been a shift in the development and construction of the tests after the ________
1980’s
Before the 1980’s learning was conceptualized as being very ________-higher order thinking skills were dependent on a linear development based on a foundation of lower level thinking skills
hierarchal
according to cognitive research and theory, effective learning requires the _____ involvement of students in constructing meaning by thinking and reasoning
active
thinking and reasoning are two ends of a continuum running from highly ________ objectives to much more _______ learning goals
specific
general
other models of stating learning goals exist which are more concerned with the _________ of learning and with the ________- of understanding and application by the student
processes
complexity
most individuals think of educational objectives as confined to ______ or school learning goals
cognitive
While it is true that Schools and states are most concerned with the cognitive skills,other types of learning such as _____ and ____ learning goals exist and are taught in schools
affective
psychomotor
a useful guide for developing a comprehensive list of instructional objective is the
Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
Cognitive domain
Knowledge outcomes and intellectual abilities and skills
Affective Domain
Attitudes, Interests, appreciation and modes of adjustment
Psychomotor Domain
perceptual and motor skills
objectives should include all important ________ of the course
outcomes
objective should be in harmony with the state or district ______ standards
content
objective should be consistent with the schools ______ goals
general
objectives should be in harmony with the sound ______ of learning
principles
objectives should be _______ in terms of the students abilities and the time and facilities available
realistic
Objectives should be what four things
complete
appropriate
Sound
Feasible
How can learning goals be stated
in terms of general and specific learning outcomes
stated in clear, behavioral terms so that mastery can be clearly measure
learning goals should
convey the intent of the instruction
and be an overall guide in planning for teaching and assessment
