Chapter 3 Formative Assessment

Question 1

Involves assessing the appropriateness of training, taking into consideration the company’s business strategy, its resources available for training, and encouragement by managers and peers for training activities

Answer 1

Organizational analysis

Question 2

Involves assessing the appropriateness of training, taking into consideration the company’s business strategy, its resources available for training, and encouragement by managers and peers for training activities

Answer 2

Person analysis

Question 3

Identifies the significant tasks and knowledge, skills, and behaviors that require to be emphasized in training for employees to complete their tasks

Answer 3

Task analysis

Question 4

_____ is the first step in the instructional design process.

Answer 4

Needs assessment

Question 5

True or false: Needs assessment at an organization provides information regarding the outcomes that should be collected to evaluate training effectiveness

Answer 5

True

Question 6

_____ include people in an organization who have an interest in training and development and their support is vital for deciding its success (or failure)

Answer 6

Stakeholders

Question 7

Company leaders are involved in the needs assessment process primarily to _____

Answer 7

recognize the role of training in relation to other human resource practices in the company

Question 8

In the context of employee training and development, the process used to determine whether training is necessary is referred to as _____ _____

Answer 8

Needs assessment

Question 9

A(n) _____ _____ is a group of key stakeholders, typically including executives, company leaders, and other important stakeholders who are asked to provide insight and recommendations about the company’s training needs

Answer 9

Learning council

Question 10

A way to ensure that stakeholders are involved in needs assessment is _____

Answer 10

through creating formal advisory groups that meet on a regular basis to discuss learning issues

Question 11

_____ are employees, academics, managers, technical experts, trainers, and even customers or suppliers who are knowledgeable with regard to training issues, including tasks to be performed; the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for successful task performance; the necessary equipment; and the conditions under which the tasks have to be performed

Answer 11

Subject-matter experts

Question 12

Involving a sample of job incumbents in the needs assessment process is important because they _____

Answer 12

tend to have the most knowledge about the job

Question 13

True or false: Upper-level managers are predominantly involved in identifying which employees need training, the tasks for which training is needed, or the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics needed to complete those tasks

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Employees who are presently working in an organization are referred to as _____

Answer 14

Job incumbents

Question 15

An advantage of the needs assessment technique is that it _____

Answer 15

provides data related to performance and practices in historical data reviews

Question 16

Shop Vision Inc., a global retail store, plans to conduct needs assessment in the organization. As part of the process, Shop Vision asks employees to upload their suggestions and feedback on the company’s internal portal. This method of needs assessment is referred to as _____

Answer 16

Crowdsourcing

Question 17

Many companies are using benchmarking in the needs assessment process to help _____

Answer 17

determine the appropriate type, level, and frequency of training

Question 18

A disadvantage of the needs assessment technique of using interviews is that it _____

Answer 18

consumes a lot of time

Question 19

_____ refer to a type of subject-matter expert interview in which a face-to-face meeting with groups of subject-matter experts takes place where the questions asked relate to particular training requirements

Answer 19

Focus groups

Question 20

_____ refers to the method of needs assessment in which stakeholders are asked to provide information for needs assessment

Answer 20

Crowdsourcing

Question 21

Many companies are using information about other companies’ training practices. This process is known as _____

Answer 21

Benchmarking

Question 22

Organizational analysis involves identifying _____

Answer 22

what training resources are available

Question 23

According to gap analysis, the need for training tends to result from such factors as _____

Answer 23

Performance problems

Question 24

_____ facilitates determination of employees’ readiness for training

Answer 24

Person analysis

Question 25

Refers to employee knowledge, skill, ability, and attitudes

Answer 25

Characteristic of a person

Question 26

Refers to the instructions that tell employees what, how, and when to perform

Answer 26

Input

Question 27

Refers to a job's performance standards

Answer 27

Output

Question 28

Refers to the type of incentives that employees receive for performing well

Answer 28

Consequence

Question 29

Refers to the information that employees receive during the course of performance

Answer 29

Feedback

Question 30

A(n) _____ involves evaluating the cause for the difference between employees' current and expected performance

Answer 30

Gap analysis

Question 31

Readiness for training refers to whether _____

Answer 31

employees have the personal attributes required to learn program content and apply it on the job

Question 32

Age and generation

Answer 32

Person characteristics

Question 33

Opportunity to perform

Answer 33

Input

Question 34

Expectations for learning and performance

Answer 34

Output

Question 35

_____ is trainees' desire to learn the content of training programs

Answer 35

Motivation to learn

Question 36

_____ refer to skills that are important for employees to perform on the job and learn the content of training programs successfully

Answer 36

Basic skills

Question 37

Refers to a person's capacity to understand and use written and spoken language

Answer 37

Verbal comprehension

Question 38

Refers to how fast and accurately a person can solve math problems

Answer 38

Quantitative ability

Question 39

Refers to a person's capacity to invent solutions to problems

Answer 39

Reasoning ability

Question 40

_____ includes three dimensions: verbal comprehension, quantitative ability, and reasoning ability

Answer 40

Cognitive ability

Question 41

True or false: Making employees aware of the link between the training program and improvement of their weaknesses impacts motivation to learn in training programs.

Answer 41

True

Question 42

_____ refers to the difficulty level of written materials.

Answer 42

Readability

Question 43

True or false: Consequences do not influence learning in training programs.

Answer 43

False

Question 44

_____ is employees' belief that they can perform their job or learn the content of the training program successfully.

Answer 44

Self-efficay

Question 45

Improvement of skill weaknesses or knowledge deficiencies through training can be accomplished by _____

Answer 45

sharing with employees feedback on their performance

Question 46

True or false: Training is the best solution to a performance problem where employees know what they are supposed to do (output) but do not understand how close their performance is to the standard.

Answer 46

False

Question 47

_____ refers to managers' and peers' willingness to provide feedback and reinforcement.

Answer 47

Social support

Question 48

The accepted standards of behavior for work-group members are referred to as _____

Answer 48

norms

Question 49

Performance problems can be the outcome when employees _____

Answer 49

fail to receive feedback about the limit to which they are fulfilling performance standards

Question 50

_____ include lack of appropriate tools and equipment, materials and supplies, budgetary support, and time.

Answer 50

Situational constraints

Question 51

True or false: If employees have the knowledge and skills to perform but input, output, consequences, or feedback is inadequate, training is the best solution.

Answer 51

False

Question 52

A _____ is an employee's work activity in a particular job.

Answer 52

task

Question 53

Why should training be a top priority if the critical job issue, critical process issue, and critical business issue are related?

Answer 53

Because it will have a greater impact on business results and outcomes

Question 54

Comprises facts or procedures

Answer 54

Knowledge

Question 55

Indicates proficiency in performing a task

Answer 55

Skill

Question 56

Includes the physical and mental capabilities to complete a task

Answer 56

Ability

Question 57

Refers to the conditions under which tasks are performed

Answer 57

Other

Question 58

A(n) _____ _____ recognizes the competencies required for each job

Answer 58

competency model

Question 59

True or false: Many performance management systems face a lack of agreement on what outcomes should be used to evaluate performance

Answer 59

True

Question 60

Task analysis should be undertaken only after the _____

Answer 60

organizational analysis has determined that a company desires to allocate time and money for training

Question 61

_____ are sets of skills, knowledge, abilities, and personal characteristics that empower employees to perform their jobs successfully

Answer 61

competencies

Question 62

_____ refers to the process of developing a description of a job (tasks, duties, and responsibilities) and the specifications (knowledge, skills, and abilities) that an employee must have to perform it

Answer 62

job analysis

Question 63

A(n) _____ _____ _____ refers to a needs assessment that is done quickly and accurately, but without reducing the quality of the process or the outcomes

Answer 63

rapid needs assessment