Chapter 3 DNA/RNA Flashcards
Nucleotides have:
One phosphate
One sugar
One base (ATCG, or AUGC)
DNA 4 bases
- Adenine
- Thymine
- Guanine
- Cytosine
Draw a DNA
In DNA, the bases are bound to?
The sugar
What is the role of a helicase
Unwinds the DNA molecule and break hydrogen bonds between base pairs
What is the role of DNA polymerases
to add new nucleotides to pair with the old DNA.
What enzyme builds the complementary DNA strand?
DNA polymerase
what supplies the energy to build the new DNA strands
by taking off two Phosphates off
In a DNA mutation - a replication can go wrong. So define Point Mutation
when just one base pair is paired incorrectly.
one of the reasons why a mutation can occur
Mutagens - chemical that damage the DNA
Differences and Similarities DNA (Picture)
Where does transcription take place?
Nucleus
monomer unit of proteins
Amino acids
What bond connects the monomer unit in a protein
Peptide bond
Determine the mRNA sequence complementary to a DNA sequence.
Transcription - mrna - Translation
the part of the DNA that the RNA polymerase binds to
to the promoter?
Describe the function of RNA polymerase
unwind the DNA, also it is an enzyme that will build the new RNA
What enzyme builds RNA?
RNA Polymerase
The sequence was ATCG then the complementary mRNA sequence would be
UAGC
remember T-A then C-G but this is rna so A-U , T-A, C-G, G-C
Types of RNA and function
where are ribosomes produced?
Nucleolus
If the sequence of one strand of DNA is GCTGGC, the sequence of the complementary strand is _____.
CGACCG
What part of the DNA does the RNA polymerase bind to?
promoter
What enzyme unwinds and separates DNA during DNA replication?
Helicase
What is the monomer unit of DNA?
Nucleotides
Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not DNA?
Uracil
