Chapter 3 Cell Basics Flashcards
Two types of cell
- Eukaryotic
- Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic cells are found in?
Plants, animals, fungi, protists
Prokaryotic Cells lack in?
But what do they have?
Nucleus, and organelles.
But they have Ribosomes
What is surface to area ratio?
The ratio is the surface area divided by the volume. This indicates how much surface area is available compared to how big the cell
As a cell grows larger; the surface area/volume ratio?
Decreases
Structure name
Phospolipid bilayer of plasma membrane
Function?
Function: controls entry in/out of
cell.
Structure name
Cholesterol in the
plasma membrane
Function?
Function: maintains proper fluidity
of membrane = seeing how components of
the membrane move freely (components move)
not watery
Structure: Steroid (lipid 4 rings)
Structure name
Proteins in the plasma
membrane
Function?
Function: transport, support,
communication,
recognition
Structure: Polymer made of
amino acids
Structure name:
Glycoproteins and
Glycolipids in the
plasma membrane
Function?
Function: attachment sites, cell
recognition
sticky
Structure: chains of sugars
attached to a protein
or lipid
Draw Cell Membrane
Define Diffusion
higher concentration to a lower concentration
Hydrophilic (loves water)
Polar
Hydrophobic (hates water)
Non polar
What can pass through easily?
- Non- Polar
- Hydrophobic
- Gases - oxygen, carbon dioxide
- Very small uncharged molecules
What **cannot **pass through easily?
- Polar
- Hydrophilic
- Ions and Charged compounds H+
- Marcomolecules like proteins, carbohydrates, triglycerides
Name 3 Passive transport
- Simple diffusion
- Facilitaed diffusion (protein aid)
- osmosis
In a facilitated diffusion, who can you bring?
Glucose and amino acids
Charged molecules/ions
hydrophilic (think sugar and water)
Define osmosis
water diffusing
When you put a cell in a high or low solute concentration solution, draw those three
What kind of diffusion is happening? Draw
It is Osmosis, water diffusing to high water concentrtion to low water concentraation. It also drawn closer to high salt.
What type of Transport goes Against the concentration gradient?
Active Transport
low to high
Does active transport need energy? What kind of carrier or aid do you need?
Yes and Protein
Can calcium (Ca2+) pass freely through the membrane?
No, bc its charged
Is glucose polar or non polar
polar
Can polar pass freely?
No
Can water pass?
Yes, although it is smaller it can and it is uncharged
Can H+ pass?
No, bc charged
O2 and CO2 pass freely
Yes
if a red blood cell in beaker with a very high salt concentration, what would happen?
water will leave the cell and Shrink
Exocytosis is?
Moving things OUT of the cell using a vesicle
Endocytosis is?
Moving things IN the cell using a vesicle
In endocytosis, there is pinocytosis. What does it do?
Cell transport Fluid into the cell using vesicle
