Chapter 3: Cells

Question 0

Plasma membrane

Answer 0

Surrounds the cell

Selectively permeable

Regulates movement of materials entering and exiting the cell

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Simplest units of all living matter

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

Cells control center

Contains the DNA

Give cell instructions how to work

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Gel like substance that fills space between the plasma membrane and the nucleus

Contains cell organelles

Question 4

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 4

Network of canals

No ribosomes = smooth

ribosomes = rough

Question 5

Ribosomes

Answer 5

Site of protein synthesis

Question 6

Golgi apparatus

Answer 6

Receives proteins and prepares and packages them for transport

Question 7

Centrosomes

Answer 7

Plays a role in cell division

Question 8

Lysozymes

Answer 8

Contains enzymes that help to break down proteins that the cell does not need

Question 9

Mitochondria

Answer 9

Power houses

Convert organic compounds into ATP which the cell uses for energy

Question 10

Cytoskeleton

Answer 10

Supporting framework of the cell

Question 11

Cilia

Answer 11

Extensions on the surface of the cell

Question 12

Flagella

Answer 12

Hair like projections that help the cell to move

Question 13

Passive transport

Answer 13

Includes diffusion, osmosis, filtration and facilitated diffusion

Does NOT require energy

Question 14

Diffusion

Answer 14

Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 15

Osmosis

Answer 15

Movement of WATER down the concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 16

Concentration gradient

Answer 16

Difference in concentration of a substance from one point to another

Question 17

Tonicity

Answer 17

The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume and pressure of a cell through osmosis

Question 18

Hypertonic

Answer 18

Solution that contains a higher concentration of solutes compared to the fluid within the cell

Question 19

Hypotonic

Answer 19

Solution that contains a lower concentration of solutes compared to the fluid with in the cell

Question 20

Saline

Hypotonic? Hypertonic? Or Isotonic?

Answer 20

Is considered an isotonic intravenous solution

Question 21

Isotonic

Answer 21

Solution in which the concentration of solutes in the solution is the same as the concentration of solutes in the cell

Question 22

Filtration

Answer 22

Water and dissolved substances are forced across the membrane from an area of high hydrostatic pressure to an area of low hydrostatic pressure

Question 23

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 23

Requires a channel or a pore to allow molecules to diffuse from an area of high to low concentration

Question 24

Active transport

Answer 24

Solutes move against the concentration gradient from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration

Requires energy in the form of ATP