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psych > Chapter 3 Brain AP > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Brain AP Flashcards

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1
Q

Set of fibers that connect 2 sides of the brain core

A

corpus callosum

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2
Q

Produces speech and writing; language processing and comprehension

A

Brocus area

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3
Q

Information is sorted and sent to other areas; integrates info and flag the important stuff

A

thalamus
post office
*receives infor from allsenses besides smell

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4
Q

Control info and processing center info

A

ceretral cortex

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5
Q

Name the 4 lobes in control thinking abilities

A

Occiptal: vision, dreaming, recgonition, damage can cause you to still see but not recognize; see stars

parietal: body sensation; know where stuff is; controls sense of touch
temporal: process language; hearing and advanced visual processing; artists and musicians have high activity here; hearing
frontal: planning of movement; some aspects of memory; futuristic; adjusting to social demands; making plans

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6
Q

area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movement; sends messages out of the body to move things

A

motor cortex

*controls opp sides ( R control L)

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7
Q

area at the front of the parietal lobes that registers and processes body touch and movement sensations; more sensitive the body region is, the larger this function has dedicated to it

A

Sensory Cortex

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8
Q

Controls arousal

A

reticular formation

*when damaged nothing is alerted

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9
Q

Structure that coordinates free muscle movement and balance; what gymnasts use; cats have a big one

A

cerebellum

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10
Q

It is through this that the messages from the brain travel

A

spinal cord

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11
Q

regulates basic body functions; helps you awake; damage= coma; controls heart beat and breathing

A

medulla

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12
Q

Initiates movement; damage= parkinsons disease

A

midbrain

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13
Q

regulates growth and control of other endocrine glands

A

pituitary gland

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14
Q

responsible for feeding, fighting (angry), fleeing (fear>run), 4. fetilization (sex)

A

hypthalamus

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15
Q

sleep and arousal

A

pons

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16
Q

examines the brain by taking x-ray photographs that can reveal brain damage

A

Ct scans

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17
Q

depicts brain activity by showing each brain areas consumption of its chemical fuel, the sugar glucos; detects radioactivity; scans hot spots to show which brain areas are most active as the person performs math, looks at images of faces, or daydreams

A

PET

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18
Q

provide a detailed pictures of brains soft tissue and other body parts; anatomy of brain

A

MRI

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19
Q

reveals a brain’s functioning as well as its structure

A

Fmri

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20
Q

What german physician created a theory that states we can find our characteristics in bumps or cavaties around the skull

A

Franz Gull

*IM cause its the 1st hypo that states that the brain splits up its functions into diff parts

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21
Q

How can cells talk?

A

they use microelectric shocks and chemicals much like how a battery operates by generating electricity through chemical events

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22
Q

basic building block of the nervous system; send and carrty messages throughout the body at speeds ranging to 2 miles per hour to over 200 miles an hour

A

neurons

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23
Q

How do neurons communicate?

A

they release chemical messengers called neurotransmitters that jump across the synaptic gap

24
Q

4 types of neurotransmitters

A

Acetylcholine: enables muscle action and increases learning and memory
Dopamine: Influences movement attention and emotion
Serotonin: affects mood, hunger, sleep and arousal
Norepinephrine: helps control alertness and arousal

25
Q

Enables voluntary control of our skeletal muscles.

A

Somatic nervous system
peripheral
Ex: when the bell rings and your body responds using the somatic system and makes you stand up and leave

26
Q

controls our glands and the muscles in the organs and allows them to move w/out conscious thought such as the heart beating and digestion

A

automatic system

27
Q

division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body mobilizing energy in stressful situations

A

sympathetic system

28
Q

division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body conserving its energy

A

parasympathetic nervous system

29
Q

responsible for automatic survival functions

A

brain stem

30
Q

what are the two parts of the limbic system?

A

amygdala: influences agression and fear
hypothalamus: linked to emotions and rewards

31
Q

cells that support nourish and protect neurons

A

clial cells

32
Q

are involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking

A

association areas

33
Q

study the evolution of behavior and the mind

A

evolutionary psych

34
Q

What is the best behavioral thig to study?

A

adoption b/c there are 2 groups for kid genetic and enviormental relatives. adpoted kid still have inherited personality and behave like genetic rents

35
Q

Evolutionary psychologists use whose principles to understand the roots of behavior and mental processes?

A

charles darwin

36
Q

behavioral and biological similarities come from our shared human what?

A

genome

37
Q

If you’re paralyzed what’s damaged?

A

spinal cord

38
Q

branch of psych concerned with the links between biology and behavior

A

biological psych

39
Q

neurons that carry incoming info from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord

A

sensory neurons

40
Q

neurons that carry outgoing info from the brain and spinal cords to the muscles and glands

A

motor neurons

41
Q

neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outbursts

A

interneurons

42
Q

the bushy, branching extensions of a neuron that recive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body

A

dendrite

43
Q

the extension of a neuron , ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands

A

axon

44
Q

layer of fatty tissue segmentally encassing the fibers of many neurons, enables vastly greater trasmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next

A

myelin sheath

45
Q

a neural impuse; breif electical charge that travels done an axon

A

action potential

46
Q

level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

A

thereshold

47
Q

junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron.

A

synapse

48
Q

chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. when released bu the sending neuron, these travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron, thereby influencing whether that neuron will generate a neural impulse

A

neurotransmitters

49
Q

a neurotransmitters reabsorption by the sending neuron

A

reuptake

50
Q

neurotransmitters liked to pain control and to pleasure

A

endorphins

51
Q

the body’s speedy electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous system

A

nervous system

52
Q

the brain and spinal cord

A

central nervous system

53
Q

What was affected in the study where the man believed his wifes hat was her head?

A

association area in occiptal lobe

54
Q

In a splitbrain patient what is affected?

A

corpus callosum

55
Q

Left hemisphere is in charge of what

A

RH

verbal; speech/writing ability

56
Q

Right hemisphere is in charge what?

A

of visual perception and recognition of emotion

psych (12 decks)

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