Chapter 1 ap Flashcards
Which school of psych deals with the enviornment influences on behavior
bahavioral
Which school of psych deals with unconscious influences
psychoanalytical
Which school of psych psychological growth and human potential
humanistic
Which school of psych deals with mental processes
cognitive
Which school of psych culture and enviornment
sociocultural/ personality
Which school of psych physical basis of bahavior
biological
Which school of psych influences of genetics
evolutionary
Wundt
structionalism
Will James
Functionalism
PAvlov
classical conditioning
Skinner
Operant conditioning
Frued Anna
- work with children
- ego
- defense mechanisms
Horney
- anxiety
- Neurosis
- Childhood
Adler
- birth order
- inferiority and superiority complex
charcot
hypnosis
erikson
identity crisis
Jung
archetypes
introvert and extrovert
interested in mysticism
created to detect patterns in thoughts in unconscious
free association
Used to deal with traumatic situations
defense mechanisms
Id vs. ego vs. supereg
i- self serving
super- to be moral
e- mediate/ balance
Piaget
- Children
- Theory of cognitive development (sensorimotor)
Maslow
- developed self acutalization
- hierarchy of needs
Carl Rogers
-developed “client centered therapy
Hans Selye
stress studies
Eleanor Gibson
-depth perception
Elizabeth Loftus
memory and bias
Mary Ainsworth
-child attachment theory
Eugene Bleuler
psyzophrania
Wolfgang Kohler
insight
experimented with chimps
Bandura
social learning theory
bobo doll
young ppl are influenced and learn from others
Sumner
Father of black psych
worked in social psych to end racism
Kenneth and Mammie/Ammie Clark
- race relation and civil rights
- went to trials
- “doll study”- reveal how children viewed racial issues
- worked together in research
An action or response that can be observed by others
Behavior
Processes such as feeling or thought that take place in mind
Mental processes
Genetic factor that influence development
Nature
Environmental factors that influence development
Nurture
Ones power to make choices that are not predetermined and to direct ones own behavior
Free will
Forces such as heredity that are independent of free choice
Determinism
A school of thought that holds that all knowledge comes through the senses
Empiricism
“Blank slate” philosophers used this term to describe the mind at birth
Tabula rosa
An approach that relates the characteristics of physical stimuli to attributes of the sensory experience they produce
Psychophysics
Selfknowledge or awareness of what one is experiencing
Consciousness
subject matter of psychology was conscious experience that the subject of study was to analyze experience into its component parts; introspection is key
Structuralism
Observing ones on private thoughts and stage of consciousness
Introspection
School of thought; emphasizes understanding that enables organisms to adapt to their environments and function effectively
Functionalism
Collective approach that emphasizes that mental phenomenon are best understood when viewed as organized wholes
Gestalt psychology
Exploring the unconscious mind by encouraging patients to say what comes to mind without censoring it
Free association
The study of how the nervous system works
Neuroscience
The phenomenon that occurs when ones actions benefit others but do not benefit the individual performing them
Altruism
Scientific study of behavior and mental process
psychology
Goals of psych?
explain, predict, describe and control behavior
Fundamental questions of psych?
- Nature vs. Nurture
- Free Will vs. Determinism
- Conscious vs. Subconscious
Descriptive research
purpose
method
p: develop an accurate account of what occurs naturally
m: case studies, naturalistic observation, self-report
Correlational
purpose
method
p: learning how well one variable relate to or predicts another
m: strength and relationship between variables are stadistically analyzed data collected by observation or self-report
Experimental
pupose
method
p: Identifying cause and effect relationships
m: one or more independent cariable are manipulates under controlled labortory conditions. Researchers analyzed variation in a dependent cariable to determine whether it is affected by the independent variable
7 ethical principles
Confidentiality Debrief No harm Full disclosure Right to withdraw Safety of animals
What are the 5 research steps?
theory, hypothesis, variable, testing, analysis
