Chapter 3- Amount of substance Flashcards
what is 1 mole
The amount of substance that contains 6.02 * 10^23 particles.
What is the Avogadro’s constant
N a-
It is 6.02 * 10 ^23 mol-1, the number of particles in each mole of carbon-12
Why is carbon used?
Carbon-12 is the standard for the measurement of relative atomic masses. 12g of carbon-12 contains 6.02 * 10 ^23 atoms. Therefore, the mass of one mole of atoms of any element is its relative atomic mass in grams.
What is the molar mass
The mass in grams in each mole of the substance. (the mass per mole of a substance)
equation for amount of substance and molar mass etc.
Molar mass = mass (grams)/ amount in moles.
Equation to find the number of particles in a certain mass of a substance
no. of particles = (mass(g)/ molar mass (g/mol-1) ) * 6.02 *10^23 mol-1.
equation to find the specific number of particles of an element in a substance
particles= g * (Avogadro / Mr) * (number of atoms wanted / number of entire compound (usually 1))
% abundance from a spectrometer
% abundance = (peak height)/ total height of all peaks *100
the ideal gas equation
Pv = n RT p-pressure (Pa) V- volume in m3 n- mols of molecules R- 8.31 T temperature (kelvin)
how to turn degrees Celsius into kelvin
add 273.15
dm3 to m3
x 10^-3
cm3 to m3
x 10^-6
how to calculate % yield
actual yield/ theoretical x 100%
What affects % yield
The reaction didn’t go to completion
Other reactions may have occurred
The purification of the product may have resulted in the loss of some products.
What does atom economy tell us
Its a measure of how well atoms have been utilised
