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Theories of Personality > Chapter 3. Adler: Individual Psychology > Flashcards

Chapter 3. Adler: Individual Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Presents an optimistic view of people.

A

Individual Psychology

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2
Q

Theory which believes that people are born with weak, inferior bodies, that lead to dependence on other people.

A

Individual Psychology

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3
Q

Pertains to the feeling of oneness with humanity, is inherent in all individuals.

A

Social interest

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4
Q

Adler soon founded his own group, the ____________.

A

Society for Individual Psychology

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5
Q

Adler believes that Man is motivated by ___________ and ___________.

A

social influences and striving for superiority

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6
Q

True or False. Unlike Freud, Adler believes that people have no choice in shaping their personality.

A

False. People ARE LARGELY RESPONSIBLE for

who they are.

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7
Q

Adler believes that present behavior is shaped by the

past or future?

A

future

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8
Q

Who believed that people are usually aware of what

they are doing and why?

A

Alfred Adler

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9
Q

Tenets of Individual Psychology

A
  1. The one dynamic force behind people’s behavior is the striving for success or superiority.
  2. People’s subjective perceptions shape their behavior and personality.
  3. Personality is unified and self-consistent.
  4. The value of all human activity must be seen from the viewpoint of social interest.
  5. The self-consistent personality structure develops into a person’s style of life.
  6. Style of life is molded by people’s creative power.
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10
Q

What is the one dynamic force behind people’s behavior?

A

striving for success or superiority

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11
Q

People’s _________ shape their behavior and personality.

A

subjective perceptions

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12
Q

True or False. Personality is unified and self-consistent.

A

True

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13
Q

Style of life is molded by people’s _________.

A

creative power

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14
Q

This activate feelings of inferiority.

A

Physical deficiencies

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15
Q

Psychologically unhealthy individuals strive for __________.

A

personal superiority

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16
Q

What does psychologically healthy individuals seek?

A

success for all humanity

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17
Q

The striving for success or superiority is guided by what?

A

Final Goal

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18
Q

It is fictional with no objective existence.

A

Final Goal

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19
Q

The final goal is __________ for neglected or pampered children.

A

unconscious

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20
Q

The final goal is __________ for children who experience love and security.

A

conscious

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21
Q

These are expectations of the future.

A

fictions

22
Q

This is an explanation of behavior in terms of its

final purpose or aim.

A

Teleology

23
Q

True or False. Physical deficiencies serve an impetus toward perfection or completion.

A

True

24
Q

True or False. Adler’s theory proposes that inconsistent behavior do not exist.

A

True

25
Q

It is the harmony between conscious and unconscious actions.

A

dichotomous nature

26
Q

It is a kind of physical speech.

A

organ dialect

27
Q

True or False. Style of life is fairly established by age 10 or 12.

A

False. Fairly established by age 4 or 5.

28
Q

Includes a person’s goal, self-concept, feelings for

others, and attitude towards the world.

A

style of life

29
Q

What is the style of life of unhealthy individuals?

A

rigid style of life

30
Q

What is the style of life of healthy individuals?

A

flexible style of life

31
Q

External Factors

A
  1. Exaggerated Physical Deficiencies
  2. Pampered Style of Life
  3. Neglected Style of Life
32
Q

These are largely conscious actions that protect self-esteem from public disgrace.

A

Safeguarding Tendencies

33
Q

Safeguarding Tendencies includes _______, ________, and ________.

A
  1. Excuses
  2. Aggression
  3. Withdrawal
34
Q

People state what they claim they would like to
do, that others will like, then follow it up with an
excuse.

A

Excuses

35
Q

• Protects a weak sense of self-worth and deceive
people into believing they are more superior than
they really are.

A

Excuses

36
Q

3 forms of Aggression

A
  1. Depreciation
  2. Accusation
  3. Self-Accusation
37
Q

Undervaluing other people’s achievement and

overvaluing one’s own.

A

Depreciation

38
Q

Tendency to blame others and seek revenge.

A

Accusation

39
Q

People devalue themselves to inflict suffering on others.

A

Self-Accusation

40
Q

2 forms of Withdrawal

A
  1. Running away from difficulties

2. Safeguarding through distance

41
Q

4 Forms of Safeguarding through distance

A
  1. Moving backward (reverting to a secure period of life)
  2. Standing still ( avoiding responsibilities)
  3. Hesitating (vacillation, procrastination)
  4. Constructing obstacles (creating problems or trials)
42
Q

Applications of Individual Psychology

A
  1. Family constellation
  2. Early Recollections
  3. Dreams
  4. Psychotherapy
43
Q

Overemphasis on the importance of being

manly.

A

Masculine protest

44
Q

Enhance courage, lessen feelings of inferiority, and encourage social interest.

A

Psychotherapy

45
Q

3 Aspects of the Family Constellation

A
  1. Birth order
  2. gender of siblings
  3. age spread
46
Q

What birth order is described?

Positive Traits
• Nurturing and protective
Negative Traits
• Highly anxious
• Exaggerated feelings of power
• Unconscious hostility
• Fights for acceptance
• Must always be right
• Highly critical of others
• uncooperative
A

Oldest Child

47
Q

What birth order is described?

Positive Traits
•Highly motivated
• Cooperative
• Moderately cooperative
Negative Traits
• Highly competitive
• Easily discouraged
A

Second Child

48
Q

What birth order is described?

Positive Traits
• Realistically Ambitious
Negative Traits
• Pampered
• Dependent
• Wants to excel in everything
• Unrealistically ambitious
A

Youngest Child

49
Q

What birth order is described?

Positive Traits
• Socially Mature
Negative Traits
• Exaggerated Superiority
• Low cooperation
• Inflated sense of self
• Pampered style of life
A

Only Child

50
Q

It reflects patterns of one’s life.

A

Early recollections

Theories of Personality (11 decks)

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