Chapter 10. Rogers: Person-Centered Theory Flashcards
We use the label ________ in reference to Rogers’s therapy.
client-centered
We use the more inclusive term ________ to refer to Rogerian personality theory.
person-centered
Rogers postulated 2 broad assumptions:
- formative tendency
2. actualizing tendency
There is a tendency for all matter, both organic and
inorganic, to evolve from simpler to more complex forms. For the entire universe, a creative process, rather than a disintegrative one, is in operation. What tendency is this?
formative tendency
The tendency within all humans (and other animals and plants) to move toward completion or fulfillment of potentials.
actualizing tendency.
It is similar to the lower steps on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
need for maintenance
This need to become more, to develop, and to achieve growth is called _________.
enhancement
It is the tendency to actualize the self as perceived in awareness.
Self-actualization
True or False. Self-actualization is a subset of the actualization tendency and is therefore not synonymous with it.
True
2 self subsystems:
- self-concept
2. ideal self
It includes all those aspects of one’s being and one’s experiences that are perceived in awareness (though not always accurately) by the individual.
self-concept
True or False. The self-concept is ourorganismic self.
False. The self-concept is NOT IDENTICAL with the organismic self.
It is defined as one’s view of self as one wishes to be.
ideal self
A wide gap between the ideal self and the self-concept indicates _________ and an unhealthy personality.
incongruence
According to Rogers, it is “the symbolic representation (not necessarily in verbal symbols) of some portion of our experience”.
awareness
True or False. Awareness is necessary for the existence of the self-concept and ideal self.
True
Levels of Awareness
- Some events are experienced below the threshold of awareness and are either ignored or denied.
- Rogers hypothesized that some experiences are accurately symbolized and freely admitted to the self-structure.
- Experiences that are perceived in a distorted
form.
The person develops a need to be loved, liked, or accepted by another person, a need that Rogers referred to as __________.
positive regard
True or False. Positive regard is a prerequisite for positive self-regard.
True
The experience of prizing or valuing one’s self.
positive self-regard
They perceive that their parents, peers, or partners love and accept them only if they meet those people’s expectations and approval. This is an illustration of _________.
conditions of worth
This arises when the positive regard of a significant other is conditional, when the individual feels that in some respects he [or she] is prized and in others not.
conditions of worth
Our perceptions of other people’s view of us are called _______________.
external evaluations.
Rogers believed that people are ________ when they are unaware of the discrepancy between their organismic self and their significant experience.
vulnerable