Chapter 2. Freud: Psychoanalysis

Question 1

Freud called his theory and associated techniques ________.

Answer 1

psychoanalysis

Question 2

Freud’s psychoanalytic perspective proposed that ________ and ________ influence personality.

Answer 2

childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations

Question 3

It is when the patient is asked to relax and say whatever comes to mind, no matter how embarrassing or trivial.

Answer 3

free association

Question 4

3 levels of mental life

Answer 4

1. unconscious
2. preconscious
3. conscious

Question 5

Early childhood experiences that create high levels of anxiety are repressed into the _________.

Answer 5

unconscious

Question 6

Events that are not associated with anxiety but are merely forgotten make up the contents of the ________.

Answer 6

preconscious

Question 7

________ images are those in awareness at any given time.

Answer 7

Conscious

Question 8

3 provinces of the mind

Answer 8

id, ego, and superego

Question 9

The id is unconscious, chaotic, out of contact with reality, and in service of the _________.

Answer 9

pleasure principle

Question 10

The ego is the executive of personality, in contact with the real world, and in service of the ________.

Answer 10

reality principle

Question 11

The superego serves the ______ and _________.

Answer 11

moral and idealistic principles

Question 12

Aka impulse; a stimulus within an individual.

Answer 12

drives

Question 13

2 drives according to Freud;

Answer 13

1. Sex or libido

2. Aggression

Question 14

It is a felt, affective, unpleasant state accompanied by a physical sensationthat warns the person against impending danger.

Answer 14

Anxiety

Question 15

What is apprehension about an unknown danger and stems from the ego’s relation with the id?

Answer 15

Neurotic anxiety

Question 16

This is similar to guilt and results from the ego’s relation with the superego

Answer 16

Moral anxiety

Question 17

What is similar to fear and is produced by the ego’s relation with the real world?

Answer 17

Realistic anxiety

Question 18

These are tactics that reduce or redirect anxiety in various ways, but always by distorting reality.

Answer 18

defense mechanism

Question 19

A defense mechanism that
pushes threatening thoughts
into the unconscious.

Answer 19

repression

Question 20

A defense mechanism that
pushes away threatening
impulses by overemphasizing
the opposite in one’s thoughts
and words.

Answer 20

reaction formation

Question 21

A defense mechanism in
which one refuses to
acknowledge anxiety
provoking stimuli.

Answer 21

denial

Question 22

Defense mechanism in which
anxiety arousing impulse are
externalized by placing onto
others.

Answer 22

projection

Question 23

Defense mechanism in which the
target of one’s unconscious fear or
desire is shifted away from true
cause.

Answer 23

displacement

Question 24

Defense mechanism where
dangerous urges are transformed
into positive, socially acceptable
forms.

Answer 24

sublimation

Question 25

Defense mechanism where one
returns to a earlier, safer stage of
one’s life to escape present
threats.

Answer 25

regression

Question 26

Defense mechanism where
after the fact (post hoc) logical
explanations for behaviors that
were actually driven by
internal unconscious motives.

Answer 26

rationalization

Question 27

Freud’s Psychosexual Stages

Answer 27

1. Oral (0-18 months)
2. Anal (18-36 months)
3. Phallic (3-6 years)
4. Latency (6 to puberty)
5. Genital (puberty on)

Question 28

A child desires sexual union with one parent while harboring hostility for the other.

Answer 28

Oedipus complex (electra complex: girls)

Question 29

Freud believed that _______ and ___________are disguised means of expressing unconscious impulses.

Answer 29

dreams and slips of the tongue