Chapter 3 Flashcards
Organic molecules
Contain carbon
Carbon has
4 valence electrons which are found in the outer shell.
Can bond with others C(carbons) to form a chain
Non polar because it’s equal sharing
Many things attach to C: H, O, N
Hydrocarbons
Only C&H
3 dimensional structures or won’t work
Bonds are covalent in chains
Carbon skeleton
Has functional groups attached to them to determine their properties
Monomers
Small molecules
Polymers
Large molecules made up of many monomers
Macromolecules/ polymers
Big time molecules-DNA, carbohydrates
4 categories of large molecules in cells
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nuclei acids
Starch
Storage carbohydrates in plants
Glycogen
Storage of carbs in humans
Cellulose
Structural in plants, cell walls
Lipids
Hydroponic does not dissolve in water.
Molecules of triglycerides 1 glycerol & 3 fatty acids
Glycerol
The back bone
Fatty acids have
Long chains of hydrocarbons
Saturated fats
No double bonds, solid at room temperature like butter
Unsaturated fats
One or more double bonds, liquid at room temperature like oil
When saturated fats are heated up
Turns into transfats
Proteins
Amino aides 20
Peptide bonds
Hold 20 amino acids together
Polypeptides
Lots of amino acids
You need 4 shapes of protein
To function
Deoxyribose
In DNA
Ribose
In RNA
Uricil
Only in rna
