Chapter 2

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass. Example a chair

Question 2

3 forms

Answer 2

Solid, liquid and gas

Question 3

Elements

Answer 3

Substance that cannot be broken down like an Atom

Question 4

Each element

Answer 4

Consist of only one type of atom, carbon or oxygen.

Question 5

Cells

Answer 5

Basic unit of life

Question 6

96% of our body is made up of four elements

Answer 6

Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen. (C, O,H &N)

Question 7

Compound

Answer 7

Atoms of two or more elements, same or different, how together by covalent bonds.

Question 8

Atoms

Answer 8

Smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element

Question 9

Adams are made up of three particles

Answer 9

Proton +
Neutrons no charge
Electrons -

These three gave you a different compound

Question 10

Protons & neutrons

Answer 10

Are in the nucleus

Question 11

Electrons

Answer 11

Orbit around the nucleus

Question 12

Positive and negative

Answer 12

Attract like a magnet

Question 13

Overall charge

Answer 13

If all or even in there’s no extra charge like a negative or positive it will be a zero charge and will not react with anything

Question 14

The number of electrons

Answer 14

Equals the number of protons in a neutral Atom, the net charge is zero

Question 15

Number of neutrons

Answer 15

Equals number of protons

Question 16

Atomic number

Answer 16

The number of protons

Question 17

Mass number

Answer 17

Number of protons plus number of neutrons

Question 18

Isotope

Answer 18

Formed by Changing the number of neutrons

Question 19

Electrons❓

Answer 19

Orbit nucleus in shells
Innermost max is 2
Outmost max is 8

Question 20

Outermost shell

Answer 20

The number of electrons in the outer most shell determines the atoms chemical properties.

Question 21

Full outer shell

Answer 21

Stable no reaction

Question 22

Non full outer shell

Answer 22

Unstable and reactive

Question 23

Atoms want

Answer 23

A full stable outer shell

Question 24

Formation of chemical bonds

Answer 24

Electrons

Question 25

Octet

Answer 25

Full outer shell to bond together

Question 26

Chemical bonds

Answer 26

``` 1. Ionic Covalent bonds 2. polar covalent - not equal 3. non polar covalent - equal 4. Hydrogen bonds ```

Question 27

The Covalent bonds are

Answer 27

The outermost shell

Question 28

Ions are formed

Answer 28

By the gain or loss of an electron. | To form a stable outer shell.

Question 29

Ionic bonds

Answer 29

Attraction I have positive to the negative Not strong and dissolves in water like salt

Question 30

Valence electrons

Answer 30

That electrons in the outer shell of an unstable Atom

Question 31

Covalent bonds

Answer 31

2 or more Atoms share one or more pairs of outershell electrons Really strong bonds

Question 32

The number of covalent bonds is

Answer 32

Equal to the number of additional electrons in the Atom needs in the outer shell- stable

Question 33

The most common bond in a body is

Answer 33

Covalent bonds

Question 34

Single or double bond

Answer 34

H-H O=O Water: H-O-H( with O needs to share two electrons) Means they're sharing electron energy makes them positive

Question 35

Electrons are shared equally

Answer 35

In a non-polar covalent bond No one benefits more than the other, they're not a hydrogen bond

Question 36

Carbons are very stable

Answer 36

You can link a lot to them

Question 37

Unequal sharing of electrons between Atoms

Answer 37

Are polar covalent bonds Holds water together Water molecules, accident at tracks that electrons of hydrogen more strongly, oxygen become slightly more negative, hydrogen become slightly more positive. Hydrogen bonds

Question 38

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 38

Hydrogen atoms with partial +, attract Atom with partial- charge.

Question 39

Weakest bond

Answer 39

Hydrogen bonds But very important

Question 40

Water, DNA, and proteins are held together by

Answer 40

Hydrogen bonds.

Question 41

Dotted line is

Answer 41

Hydrogen bonds

Question 42

Hydrolysis

Answer 42

Add water

Question 43

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 43

Take two elements to build by taking the water out, drying they out. Take water out to bind together

Question 44

Water

Answer 44

Universe solvent Inorganic because there is no carbon Polar bonds

Question 45

Cohesion

Answer 45

H- bonds hold water molecules together Cohesion is vital for water transport in plants

Question 46

Water temperatures

Answer 46

Heat water up to break bonds in vaporize. Brakes H bonds. cool down to rebuild. Like ice(hydrogen bonds) Sweating helps to regulate body temperature by evaporative cooling

Question 47

Acides

Answer 47

0-6 Lower number acids

Question 48

Base

Answer 48

8-14 Higher number stronger base

Question 49

Ph 7

Answer 49

Neutral

Question 50

Blood is a ph of 7.4

Answer 50

So neutral