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Biology > Chapter 3 & 4 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 3 & 4 Vocab Flashcards

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0
Q

Cohesion

A

The BINDING TOGETHER of like molecules, often by hydrogen bonds

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1
Q

Polar molecule

A

A molecule (such as water) WITH OPPOSITE CHARGES ON DIFFERENT ENDS of the molecule

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2
Q

Adhesion

A

The ATTRACTION between different kinds of molecules

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3
Q

Surface tension

A

A measure of how DIFFICULT it is to STRETCH OR BREAK THE SURFACE OF A LIQUID. Water has a high surface tension because of the hydrogen bonding of surface molecules.

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4
Q

Solution

A

A liquid that is a HOMOGENOUS MIXTURE OF TWO OR MORE SUBSTANCES

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5
Q

Solvent

A

The DISSOLVING AGENT of a solution. Water is the most versatile solvent known

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6
Q

Solute

A

A substance that is DISSOLVED IN A SOLUTION

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7
Q

Aqueous solution

A

A solution in which water is the solvent

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8
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Having and AFFINITY for water

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9
Q

Hydrophobic

A

HAVING AN AVERSION TO WATER; tending to coalesce and form droplets in water

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10
Q

Acid

A

a substance that INCREASES THE HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION of a solution

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11
Q

Base

A

A substance that REDUCES THE HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION of a solution

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12
Q

Buffers

A

A substance that consists of ACID AND BASE FORMS in a solution and that MINIMIZES CHANGES IN PH WHEN EXTRANEOUS ACIDS OR BASES ARE ADDED to the solution

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13
Q

Acid precipitation

A

Rain, snow, or fog that is more acidic than pH 5.2

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14
Q

Organic chemistry

A

The STUDY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS (organic compound)

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15
Q

Hydrocarbons

A

An ORGANIC molecule consisting only of CARBON AND HYDROGEN

16
Q

Functional groups

A

A specific configuration of atoms commonly ATTACHED TO THE CARBON SKELETONS OF ORGANIC MOLECULES and usually involved in chemical reactions

17
Q

Hydroxyl group

A

Ma chemical group consisting of an OXYGEN ATOM JOINED BY A HYDROGEN ATOM. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols

18
Q

Amino group

A

An organic molecule POSSESSING BOTH CARBOXYL AND AMINO GROUPS. Amino acids serve as the monomers of polypeptides.

19
Q

Phosphate group

A

A chemical group consisting of a PHOSPHORUS ATOM BONDED TO FOUR OXYGEN ATOMS; important in energy transfer

20
Q

Methyl group

A

A chemical group consisting of a CARBON BONDED TO THREE HYDROGEN ATOMS. The methyl group may be attached to a carbon or to a different atom

21
Q

Adenosine triphosphate

A

(ATP) an adenine-containing nucleoside triphosphate that RELEASES FREE ENERGY WHEN ITS PHOSPHATE BONDS ARE HYDROLYZED. This energy is used to drive endergonic reactions in cells

Biology (19 decks)

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