Chapter 13 Vocab

Question 0

Autosome

Answer 0

A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex; not a sex chromosome

Question 1

Alternation of generations

Answer 1

A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid cell, the sporophyte, and a multicellular haploid form, the gametophyte; characteristic of plants and some algae

Question 2

Asexual reproduction

Answer 2

The generation of offspring from a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes ( by boating, division of a single cell, or division of the entire organism into two or more parts). In many, but not all, cases, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent

Question 3

Clone

Answer 3

1- A lineage of genetically identical individuals our cells
2- in popular of usage, a single individual organism that is genetically identical to another individual
3-as a verb, to make one or more genetic replicas of an individual or cell

Question 4

Crossing over

Answer 4

The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during prophase one of meiosis

Question 5

Diploid cell

Answer 5

A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), One set inherited from each parent

Question 6

Fertilization

Answer 6

1-The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote

2- The addition of mineral nutrients to the soil

Question 7

Gametes

Answer 7

A haploid reproductive cell, such as an egg or sperm. Give me a night during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote

Question 8

Genes

Answer 8

A discrete unit of heredity information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, and some viruses)

Question 9

Heredity

Answer 9

The transmission of traits from one generation to the next

Question 9

Genetics

Answer 9

The scientific study of heredity and heredity variation

Question 11

Haploid cell

Answer 11

A cell containing only one set of chromosomes(n)

Question 12

Life cycle

Answer 12

The generation to generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism

Question 13

Karyotype

Answer 13

A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell range by size and shape

Question 13

Homologous chromosomes

Answer 13

A pair of chromosomes of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess jeans for the same characters that corresponding Loki. One homologous chromosomes is inherited from the organisms father, the other from the mother. Also called home alarms or a homologous pair

Question 15

Meiosis

Answer 15

A modified type of cell division and sexually reproducing organisms consisting of two rounds of subdivision but only one round of DNA replication. It results in sales with half the number of chromosomes that’s a zero to know so

Question 16

Meiosis I

Answer 16

The first division of a two-stage process of cell division and sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells without the number of chromosome sets as the original so

Question 17

Meiosis II

Answer 17

The second division of a two-stage process of selling vision and sexually reproducing organisms result in cells with half the number of chromosomes sets of the original cell

Question 18

Recombinant chromosomes

Answer 18

A chromosome created when crossing over combines the DNA from two parents into a single chromosome

Question 19

Sexual reproduction

Answer 19

A type of reproduction in which to parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the game eats of the two parents

Question 20

Somatic cell

Answer 20

Any cell in a multicellular organism except the sperm or egg cell

Question 22

Sex chromosomes

Answer 22

A chromosome responsible for determining the sex of an individual

Question 23

Variation

Answer 23

Differences between members of the same species

Question 23

Spores

Answer 23

1-in the lifecycle of a plant or algae undergoing alternation of generations, a haploid cells produced in the sporophyte by meiosis. A spore can divide by mitosis to develop into a multicellular haploid individual, the gametophyte, without fusing with another cell
2-in the fungi, a haploid cell, produced either sexually or asexually, that produces a mycelium after germination

Question 24

Zygote

Answer 24

The diploid product of the union of haploid gametes during fertilization; A fertilized egg