Chapter 2 Vocab

Question 0

Energy

Answer 0

The capacity to cause change especially to do work

Question 1

Compound

Answer 1

A substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio

Question 2

Covalent bonds

Answer 2

A type of strong chemical bond in which energy is expended in active transport to facilitate exchange of materials and generate concentration gradients

Question 3

Molecule

Answer 3

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

Question 4

Single bond

Answer 4

A single covalent bond; the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms

Question 5

Double bond

Answer 5

A double covalent bond; the sharing of 2 two valence electrons by 2 atoms

Question 6

Polar covalent bond

Answer 6

A covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. The shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom, making it slightly negative and the other atom slightly positive

Question 7

Hydrogen bond

Answer 7

A type of weak chemical bond that is formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule

Question 8

Chemical reactions

Answer 8

The making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to changes in the composition of matter

Question 9

Reactants

Answer 9

A starting material in a chemical reaction

Question 10

Products

Answer 10

A material resulting from a chemical reaction

Question 11

Chemical equilibrium

Answer 11

In a chemical reaction, the state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse concentrations of the reactants and products do not change with time