Chapter 3-4 Test

Question 1

What is quantitative measurement?

Answer 1

a numerical measurement

Question 2

What is qualitative measurement?

Answer 2

a non-numerical representation of something

Question 3

What is accuracy?

Answer 3

Refers to how close a measurement is to the true or correct value for the quantity.

Question 4

What is precision?

Answer 4

Refers to how close a set of measurements is to producing reproducible or consistent results.

Question 5

How do you determine when accuracy’s range stops?

Answer 5

Percent Error

Question 6

What does Percent Error allow us to do?

Answer 6

Allows us to numerically compare our experimental results to the accepted value of a quantity.

Question 7

What is the formula for Percent Error?

Answer 7

|Experimental value-Accepted value| / Accepted value all x 100

Question 8

What is proper scientific notation?

Answer 8

A number written as the product of two numbers, a coefficient multiplied by 10 raised to a power

Question 9

What are the coefficient rules for scientific notation?

Answer 9

must be greater than or equal to 1.0, less than or equal to 10.0.

Question 10

Put this number in scientific notation: 2560000

Answer 10

2.56 x 10^6

Question 11

How do you multiply scientific notation numbers?

Answer 11

Multiply coefficients and add exponents

Question 12

How do you divide scientific notation numbers?

Answer 12

Divide coefficients and subtract exponents

Question 13

How do you add or subtract scientific notation numbers?

Answer 13

Coefficients can only be added when their exponents are the same. The exponents aren’t added or subtracted–they remain the same.

Question 14

What does SI stand for?

Answer 14

International System of Units

Question 15

What are the SI units for mass, volume, length

Answer 15

cubic meters, meters, kilograms,

Question 16

What are the SI units for density, temperature, time, pressure?

Answer 16

kg/cubic meters, Kelvin, seconds, pascal

Question 17

What are the SI units for energy, electric current, amount of substance, and luminous intensity?

Answer 17

Joule, Ampere, Mole, Candela

Question 18

What is the mass-volume relationship?

Answer 18

1g of water at 4 degrees Celsius has a volume of 1 mL or 1 cm^3. A liter of water has a mass of 1000 g or 1kg.

Question 19

What are common units of density?

Answer 19

g/cm3, g/mL,

Question 20

What is time?

Answer 20

An interval between two occurrences.

Question 21

What is temperature?

Answer 21

A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

Question 22

What is Kelvin?

Answer 22

Also called the absolute scale, 0 Kelvin is called absolute zero, There are no negative temperatures in the Kelvin scale, at 0 K, the lowest possible temperature, in which all molecular motion stops.

Question 23

How do you convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?

Answer 23

F=9/5(C) + 32

Question 24

How do you convert between Kelvin and Celsius?

Answer 24

C=K+273

Question 25

What is kinetic energy?

Answer 25

energy of motion

Question 26

What is the formula for kinetic energy?

Answer 26

KE=1/2(mass)(velocity)^2

Question 27

What is the kinetic energy of something that isn’t moving?

Answer 27

0, because the velocity=0, and 0 x anything=0,

Question 28

What do sig figs only pertain to?

Answer 28

Measurements

Question 29

How do you properly read a measuring tool for the right number of sig figs?

Answer 29

1. Determine smallest calibration of instrument
2. Read measurement accurate to the smallest calibration.
3. Estimate your measurement one digit beyond the smallest calibration
4. All these digits are significant.

Question 30

What are sig figs?

Answer 30

A specific number of digits that accurately represent the quantity being measured.

Question 31

What are the rules of sig figs?

Answer 31

1. All nonzero numbers are significant.
2. Zeroes between nonzero numbers are significant.
3. Zeroes located in front of the first nonzero number are not significant.
4. Zeroes located to the right of the last nonzero number and after the decimal point are significant.
5. Zeroes located to the right of the last nonzero number and without a decimal point are not significant

Question 32

What does Tera mean?

Answer 32

1 trillion times bigger

Question 33

What does Giga mean?

Answer 33

1 billion times bigger

Question 34

What does Mega mean?

Answer 34

1 million times bigger

Question 35

What does Kilo mean?

Answer 35

1000 times bigger

Question 36

What does Micro mean?

Answer 36

1 million times smaller

Question 37

What does Nano mean?

Answer 37

1 billion times smaller

Question 38

What does pico mean?

Answer 38

1 trillion times smaller.

Question 39

What is Dimensional Analysis?

Answer 39

A method to convert one unit to another without changing the value of your number.

Question 40

What are the steps of Dimensional Analysis?

Answer 40

1. State the given.
2. Make a conversion factor in the form of a fraction.
3. Put what you want over what you have in the factor.
4. Ask which unit is larger
5. Place a value of one in front of the largest unit in the conversion, and multiply the fraction, cancel units, and put in scientific notation.

Question 41

Why do you use sig figs in calculations?

Answer 41

An answer can always be more precise than less precise.

Question 42

What are the sig fig rules for rounding off?

Answer 42

Use the number to the right of the last sig figs to roundoff.

Question 43

What are the sig fig rules for addition and subtraction?

Answer 43

An answer can have no more digits to the right of the decimal place than the least amount of decimal places in any measurement. Your answer must be rounded off to the same number of decimal places as the measurement with the least number of decimal places.

Question 44

What are the sig fig rules for multiplication and division?

Answer 44

The number of digits to the right of the decimal place doesn’t matter when multiplying or dividing. The answer must have the same number of sig figs as the measurement with the least total number of sig figs.