Chapter 3 Flashcards
5 Types of Research
1- Applied Research
2- Basic Research
3- Translational Research
4- Laboratory Research
5- Field Research
2 Types of Realism
1- Experimental Realism
2- Mundane Realism
Applied Research
Has direct and immediate relevance to solving real-life problems.
Basic Research
Study a phenomenon for the sake of learning it. The results from this research usually create the foundation of applied research.
Translational Research
A combination/merging of applied and basic research.
Laboratory Research
Is conducted in a lab. Allows for greater control and is easier to get informed consent and to debrief subjects.
Field Research
A study conducted outside of a lab setting. It matches “real-life” settings so the results can be generalizable.
Experimental Realism
How involved the subject becomes in the study.
Mundane Realism
How closely a study reflects real-life experiences.
-Less important than experimental realism.
Operational Definitions
Exact definitions of constructs involved in your study and the precise description of the procedures you used. This allows for replication.
Converging Operations
Occurs when the results of several studies, each using a construct with different operational definitions, obtain the same results.
Theory
-So general and abstract that it cannot be tested directly.
-A set of logically consistent statements about a behavior that best examines existing observations that provide a tentative explanation of that behavior.
-It is the basis for making a hypothesis.
Hypothesis
A specific prediction about the outcome of a study. It is deduced from theory.
Deduction
Refers to going from a general theory to a specific hypothesis that is logically derived from theory.
Induction
When the results of a given study are used to either refute or support a theory.
-Going from specific to general.
Scientific Method
-Choose a method of research, conduct your study, and analyze the data.
-If your data supports the hypothesis, inductive support is provided for the theory.
-We can never prove a theory, we can only say that the results support or confirm the theory.
Attributes of a Good Theory
1-Productivity
2-Falsification
3-Parsimony
Productivity
The theory advances knowledge by generating a lot of research.
Falsification
The theory must be capable of being refuted or shown to be false. You want support for your theory but you do that by falsifying it.
Parsimony
The theory has the minimum number of assumptions or constructs in order to explain the behavior adequately.
