chapter 3 Flashcards
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kinetic theory of matter
all matter is made of atoms and molecules that act as tiny particles
kinetic energy
energy an object has due to it’s motion
an object has greater thermal energy if:
there are more particles
gases
exert pressure on the walls of an enclosed space, no definite shape/volume
what type of motion are gas particles
random motion
liquids
no definite shape, definite volume
volume of a liquid:
constant, because all forces of attraction keep particles close together
solids
definite shape AND volume, slowest moving particles
plasma
properties are similar to gases except they conduct electricity, no definite shape or volume
pressure
the result of a force distributed over an area
what affects pressure?
speed, mass, number of collisions between particles of gas and walls
when temperature rises, the kinetic energy of patricles…
increase
raising temperature of gas will increase:
pressure
the more particles -
the more collisions
charles law:
the volume of a gas is directly proportional to it’s temperature in Kelvins, -273.15*C
boyle’s law
the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to it’s pressure
what happens to energy during a phase change
it is absorbed or released
melting
solid - liquid
freezing
liquid - solid
evaporation
liquid - gas
condensation
gas -liquid
sublimation
solid to gas
deposition
gas - solid
law of conservation of mass
mass cannot be created or destroyed
law of conservation of energy
energy cannot be created or destroyed
