16.2 - heat and thermodynamics Flashcards
what is conduction?
transfer of thermal energy with no matter transfer, through a solid
in what form of matter does conduction occur slower? why?
gases, because particles collide less often
what is convection?
transfer of thermal energy between liquids and gases
what is radiation?
transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves moving through space
as an object’s temperature increases, _____________________ increases.
the rate at which the temp radiates
what is thermodynamics?
the study of conversions between thermal energy and other forms of energy
what is he first law of themodynamics?
energy cannot be created or destroyed
what is the 2nd law of thermodynamics?
thermal energy flows spontaneously from hotter to colder regions, only if work is done
what is a heat engine?
any device that converts heat into work
why is the efficiency of a heat machine always less than 100%?
all engines emit heat
what is waste energy?
thermal energy that is not converted into work
what is the 3rd law of thermodynamics?
absolute zero cannot be reached
